Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiological factors one of which is pregnancy due to increased hormone levels. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingival hyperplasia, it may catalyze local etiological factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia during pregnancy. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study from November 2021 to June 2022 at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and clinical assessments done using dental consultation kits. Data were analyzed with the International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 21.0 software. Results: We recruited 231 eligible participants for our study. Of 231, 101 (43.7%) had gingival hyperplasia. Most of our study population were between 20 -40 years old and gingival hyperplasia was most commonly found in the 3 rd trimester (60.7%). We reported that 31.3% of our population had a plaque score 2 and only 7.8% had consulted a dentist during pregnancy. We also observed that 93.3% of our population manifested a mild/moderate form of the disease while 6.9% had a severe form. Our study showed that 72.3% and 27.3% had a localized and generalized form of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology in pregnant women. It is most found in the third trimester. It presents more commonly as a localized form, and degree of severity is mostly moderate.

Candida erythematous stomatitis is frequently seen in immunocompromised adults, and the first signs of immunodeficiency are seen in the oral cavity in which the weakened immune defense system, favors proliferation of saprophytic microbes. We report a case of candida pseudomembranous erythematous stomatitis in a 35year old immunocompetent Cameroonian male. Clinical examination showed erythematous lesions and white spots on the tongue, the internal face of the jaws, lower lips and the labial commissures. Mycologic tests showed the presence of fungi. The outcome was favorable with systemic and local anti mycotics and antiseptics.

Introduction: Despite the progress in oral surgical techniques, the occurrence of post operative haemorrhage can lead to delayed healing. It is with this in mind that we proposed to explore other therapeutic avenues to try to provide other solutions through traditional African medicine. The Aim of the Study: To evaluate the haemostatic and healing activity of a Vernonia conferta-based gel on postextractional wounds induced in Wistar rats. Methodology: An experimental study was conducted over a period of eight months during 2021 at the multidisciplinary laboratory of Galenic Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation of the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1. A gel formulation test carried out in standard proportions for a 2% concentration such as the Elugel reference gel used as a positive control. To evaluate the haemostatic and healing activity, we made up three batches of five female wistar rats with a body mass of between 100 and 130 grams, acclimatised for three days before the experiment. This test consisted of performing an avulsion of the central incisor in the rat and then applying our active principle for 5 successive days on one of the batches and our reference gel on the other batch, while the last batch will be under observation receiving no treatment and considered as a negative control. The observation was carried out during 14 days while respecting the feeding conditions of the animals. The haemostatic activity was evaluated using a stopwatch or we took the bleeding time after tooth extraction in the constituted batches. The healing activity was evaluated by taking a tissue sample from the extraction site on days 3, 7 and 14 for histological analysis. Results: The aqueous extract-based gel, made in standard proportions at a 2% concentration like the reference gel used as a positive control, stopped bleeding almost instantly, and clot formation occurred within 1-3 minutes after application. As for the healing activity, the batch of rats that received our test gel showed a rapid re-epithelialization observed on day 14ème, testifying to the restitution of the tissue injured during avulsion. Conclusion: The adhesion of Vernonia conferta aqueous leaf gel to the post-extraction alveolar mucosa in vivo in wistar rats has a favourable profile, as it allows faster haemostasis and accelerated healing.

Introduction: Cervicofacial odontogenic cellulitis is a poly-bacterial inflammatory process of the cellulo-adipal tissue involving the dental organ. The severity of its clinical picture can compromise its treatment and cause death. The vital prognosis of a hospitalized patient depends on the conformity of his management conditions. It is in this perspective that this study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the conformity of care of patients hospitalised for odontogenic cervico-facial cellulitis in Yaounde. Material and method: This was a descriptive and retrospective study that took place over 7 months during 2022, including all patients hospitalised for cervico-facial cellulitis of oral origin during a 3-year period, from 1er January 2019 to 31 December 2021 at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (HCY), the Yaoundé University Hospital (CHUY) and the Efoulan District Hospital (HDE). Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical and therapeutic aspects, and compliance with management were recorded. Data collection was done with a pre-designed form and the results were processed and analysed using SPSS version 26.0 and Excel 2013. Results: Out of 134 patient records collected, 67% were male with a sex ratio of 2.04. The age range Age group The age group [20-40] represented 56% of the cases. About 52.2% of the patients worked in the informal sector, followed by 25.4% of pupils and students. Trismus was present in 92.5% of cases. Cellulitis was diffuse in 81.3% of cases, suppurative in 73.9% and acute in 71.6%. Dual therapy with 99.3% Penicillin and 97.8% Imidazole was used in 69.4% of cases; the first level of Paracetamol was used in 94% as an analgesic. Antimalarial drugs were associated with the initial treatment in 5.2% of cases. Incision and drainage used in 52% of cases. The prescribed care was notified and regularly administered in 73.1% of cases; the case fatality rate was 15.7%, with sepsis as the cause in 80% of cases. All the records included the identification, the reason for hospitalisation and the therapeutic prescription. The elements of the hospitalization report, the prescription established at discharge and the conclusion of the clinical examination were contained in 84.3%, 94.8% and 97.8% of cases respectively. Conclusion: cellulitis affects resourceful men. Even if the compliance of the management conditions was found to be fair, the prognosis is vital with the severity of the infection.

The Main Objective: of the study was to describe the socio-demographic, clinical, medico-legal, therapeutic and prognostic characteristics of traumatic oral lesions in patients presenting to health facilities in Yaoundé. Methods: We conducted a descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study for 7 months during 2021, in consenting patients, with traumatic dental lesions in four secondary and tertiary health facilities in Yaoundé. The data was collected, processed, and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.0 software® for Windows®. Results: Of the 129 patients included, 70.54% were male. The median age was 29.57±14.73 years. Single people accounted for 67.44%. People working in the private sector and those with a secondary education represented 48.84% and 44.96% respectively. The emergency department of the selected hospitals received 51.00% of the patients with traumatic oral injuries. Clinically, patients with head and neck injuries and those with isolated oral trauma had 72.09% and 22.48% respectively. Of 183 traumatized teeth, 79.24% were incisors. About 56.59% of the patients were hospitalised, while 75.20% underwent radiological examination. In total, 73.64% had undergone a surgical procedure. About 54.26% of the cases were victims of road traffic accidents (MVA). From a medico-legal point of view, 75.97% of the patients suffered an involuntary trauma. The average total temporary disability was 21.97 days ± 17.47 days (0-45 days). The 5-level pain scale was used and 37.21% of our population had a pain grade of 5. Only 16.28% (21) of the cases received a documented forensic assessment. Of the participants, 13.18% (17) expressed their intention to seek legal compensation for the trauma they suffered. Almost 76.74% (99) of the cases had a combination of functional impotence and cosmetic damage as a result of the traumatic injury. A total of 68.97% (60) of the cases had received a TIW≥30 days for involuntary trauma while, 68.00% (17) received a TIW<8 days for voluntary trauma Conclusion: The oral trauma profile in Yaoundé is similar to many studies worldwide. Documented forensic assessment of damage