Background: Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after one year of a regular insecure relation between couples, it has a serious health dispute that has socioeconomic and health effect on both the individual and society. A little data about infertility is available in our country. Aim: This study aims to identify the prevalence and demographic characters of infertile couples in whom the women were within reproductive age; attending Al-Mahaweel primary health care center in Babylon city. Results: This is a cross section study conducted on couples whom the female partners were within the reproductive age attending Al-Mahaweel primary health care center in Babylon governorate. Most women aged equal or less than 35 years (88%) and about half of them with in normal body mass index (46%). Sixty percent of their husbands with free business and 64%live in urban area. Mean age of menarche was 11.5±0.64 (mean± SD), 52% have primary infertility. There were significant difference between patients with primary and secondary infertility regarding duration of bleeding days, duration of infertility, (p<0.05). Binary logistic regression shows that husbands with government employment was associated with increased odds ratio for the primary infertility (OR = 5.429, [1.285-12.941]. Increased duration of bleeding day and duration of infertility associated with increased odds ratio for the primary infertility (OR 4.155, [1.602-10.777]; OR = 1.816, [1.246-2.648] respectively. Conclusion: Among couples in whom the women of reproductive age who live in Al mahaweel district, the prevalence of infertility was 3.3%, and almost half of the couples experiencing primary infertility. Government employment, increased duration of bleeding days and duration of infertility were associated with increased odds ratio for the primary infertility.