Ceratonia siliqua commonly known as carob belongs to the Fabaceae (Legumunosae). Its original habitats are the western parts of Asia, but after its domestication, it spread to all Mediterranean Basin and then to the western shores of the Americas, South Africa and southern regions of Australia. This review is devoted to health benefits of the carob leaf which are attributed in particular to its phytochemical constituents such as quercetin and gallic, coumaric, chlorogenic acids. Extracts from carob leaves (CLs) have been investigated for their biological activities including anti-cholestinerase, anti-inflammatory, Antidiarrhoeal, anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antidiabetic and antiobesity as well as phytochemical profile and nutritive value of the CLs. Hence, extracts from Ceratonia siliqua L. leaves, a huge source of bioactive compounds, exhibit a panoply of biological properties. Thus, leaves can be used as a functional food or as a phyto-pharmaceutical herbal-type product. However, it would be wise to undertake clinical trials to prove the efficacy of carob leaf extracts.

Regardless of the associated pharmacological treatment modality, hygienic-dietary measures, focusing on lifestyle modification (diet and physical activity), represent the basis of the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In order to ensure that these dietary measures are effective and long lasting, their implementation and follow-up require guidance. This work focuses on nutrition coaching based on a low glycemic index (GI) diet proposed to type 2 diabetics with the aim of reducing postprandial glycemia in the direction of a better balance to help prevent micro and macro-vascular complications. This method is easy to follow and does not require high restrictions, it allowed us to significantly lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 0.92% after a 12-week follow-up (P < 0.05). However, the control diabetic patients who did not benefit from the coaching did not show any significant difference before and after the 12-week experiment.