OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and non-diabetics in terms of Papillary bleeding index (PBI) of periodontal disease. METHODOLOGY: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of November 2020 to February 2021 in three (3) tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The sample comprised 105 individuals, 56 participants in Type–2 diabetes group and 49 in non-diabetes group. Male and females, having age between 40-65 years were recruited. Each diabetic and non-diabetic were clinically examined for periodontitis. Age and sex-matched participants suffering from periodontitis without a history of diabetes as well as with good glycemic control (HbA1c) were considered as controls subjects. Glycated hemoglobulin (HbA1c) was carried out for all the participants free of cost by using Human Gmbh-Max-Planck-Ring 21-65205 Wiesbaden-Germany kit. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Peshawar Medical College. Data was analyzed using software package SPSS version 20. RESULTS: Out of 56  diabetics, 24 subjects brushed once daily, 15  brushed twice daily, 11 brushed occasionally and 6  didn’t brush  whereas in 49 non diabetics, 20 subjects brushed once daily, 13 brushed twice daily, 11  brushed occasionally and 5 didn’t brush. The clinical parameter mean (PBI) was recorded in our study. Score was 2.09 (±0.82) in diabetics and 1.02 (±0.47) in non-diabetics. P-value measured by the chi square test was significant. Spearman correlation test was performed to explore the association between the type 2 diabetes and Papillary bleeding index (PBI). CONCLUSION: We concluded that a significant difference exists between the mean PBI scores of Type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics.

Objectives: To find out an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and a clinical periodontal parameter i.e Pocket depth.Materials and Methods: This research(case control) was performed in two hospitals of Peshawar, Prime Teaching hospital and Peshawar Dental hospital. Type 2 Diabetics with Periodontal problem,referred tothe Periodontology departments of both the hospitals from June 2018 to January 2019, were included in our study. Patient having no diabetes and with periodontitis visiting Periodontology department of Peshawar Dental hospitalswere controls of our study. Basic periodontal examination of Diabetics and non-Diabetics patients was done in Periodontology ward of Peshawar dental college.Glycated hemoglobin test (HbA1C) of both Diabetics and Non-Diabetics patient was performed in laboratory of Prime Teaching Hospital. Results: The correlation analysis in two subjects establish a durable linkamong Diabetes and Pocket Depth (rs=0.788).The average Periodontal Pocket Depth observed in our study is 3.70mm ± 1.28. In our study control group have Periodontal Pocket depth of 1.42mm± 0.94.Conclusion: We conclude that diabetic patient compared to non-diabetic patients of similar age, gender, socio-economic status, level of education and oral hygiene measures have higher incidence of Periodontal disease.