To correlate ER, PR and HER2/neu expressions with established prognostic factors viz. type of tumour, tumour size, tumour grade, tumour necrosis, lymphovascular invasion (tumor emboli), and axillary lymph node metastasis status. To correlate immunehistochemical marker status ( ER, PR and HER2/neu) with clinical details (age and sex) of patients. The investigative research of Progesterone receptor (PR), Estrogen receptor (ER), as well as HER-2/neu expressions in cases of developing breast carcinoma was carried out over a period of 2 years from June 2015 to May 2017 which included 101 breast cancer cases. Palpable breast lump with or without pain were most frequent complaints. Maximum number of breast cancer cases revealed involvement of left breast. It was found that ER and PR expression was strongly correlated. No significant association was found between the presence of ER, PR expression as well as the size of the tumor. ER and PR negativity was associated with breast carcinoma cases having axillary lymph node metastasis. Out of 101 breast cancer cases tumor necrosis was present in 38.61%. However, the occurrence or absence of tumour necrosis in ER, PR expression was not strongly linked. Tumor emboli were noted in 31.68% of cases. In case of breast cancer with tumor emboli decreased ER and PR expression was observed.

The present study was conducted in the Hematology section of the Department of Pathology over two years. Two hundred and seventy-three geriatric patients diagnosed as anaemic as per WHO criteria were included in the study—maximum 51.2%number of cases from the age group of 60-65 years. Geriatric anaemia showed slight male preponderance (52.4%) over females (47.6%). Lowest haemoglobin value observed was 3.4 gm/dl, while the highest value was 12.3 gm/dl in males and 11.9 gm/dl in females. Most of the study population presented with moderate grade anaemia (47.6%) Patients requiring hospitalisation (71.8%) outnumbered the patients treated on OPD basis (28.2%). Among the hospitalised patients, moderate grade (51.5%) was common Generalised weakness was the most common symptom (69.6%) followed by fatigue (62.2%). There was a significant association (p= 0.009) observed between the severity of anaemia and dyspnoea Underlying malignancy (20.1%) was the most common comorbid condition among the anaemic subjects. Amongst the 148 cases of anaemia of chronic disease, 120 cases (81%) had normocytic normochromic blood picture, and the majority of the cases had mild anaemia (75 cases-50.6%). Iron deficiency was 2nd leading cause of geriatric anaemia (15.3%); presenting with moderate grade anaemia in a majority (69%). Chronic blood loss was the most common contributing factor for iron deficiency anaemia (61.9%). The incidence of anaemia is quite high among elderly patients, more so when associated with chronic diseases and malignancies. Despite modern diagnostic advances, geriatric anaemia remains underreported and inadequately investigated.