Mango is the third most important fruit in the tropics due to its nutritional properties and delicious flavor. The fruit is exceptionally perishable due to its climacteric nature, which decreases the quality and shelf-life. Preserving fruit quality and preventing losses during postharvest is one of the critical solutions in sustaining human dietary demands. Postharvest treatments such as 1-Methylcyclopropene, edible coatings, and hot water treatment have shown to be effective in preserving fruit quality. However, developing environmental-friendly postharvest technologies that ensure the safety of consumers remains a challenge. Gaseous ozone, controlled atmosphere (CA), and pulsed electric field (PEF) are some of the emerging technologies with great potential for the mango fruit industry. The use of such technologies has been demonstrated to be effective in maintaining the sensory, nutritional, and physicochemical quality of the mango fruit. However, the mode of action of the emerging technologies is not yet understood. This review provides of an overview of various postharvest techniques used to preserve mango fruit quality. The potential of the emerging postharvest technologies to maintain mango fruit quality during storage and shelf-life is also discussed.

This study evaluated the effect of edible coating and gaseous ozone on the antioxidant activities and biochemical properties of mango fruit. Mango fruit (cv. Keitt) were coated with moringa leaf extract and carboxymethyl cellulose (EC) before exposure to ozone (0.25 ppm). Gaseous ozone (O3) was administered intermittently for 24 or 36 h, and the control fruit were untreated. The fruit were stored at 10 °C for twenty-one days, then ripened at ambient temperature for seven days. The parameters measured were ascorbic acid, lipid peroxidation, phenolic content, total sugars, and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and DPPH). At the end of storage, the EC + O3 (36 h) had high phenolic content: 175.02 µg GEA/g DM compared to 151.87 µg GEA/g DM and 138.98 µg GEA/g DM for the O3 (24 h) and untreated fruit, respectively. Moreover, the combination of the EC and O3 (36 h) had a higher effect (p < 0.05) on preserving the antioxidant capacity of the mangoes. The EC + O3 (24 h) and EC significantly delayed fruit softening and maintained membrane integrity. Furthermore, the fruit treated with the EC reduced the accumulation of reducing (7.61 mg/mL) and total sugars (8.81 mg/mL) compared to the control treatment, which had a concentration of 12.74 mg/mL and 13.78 mg/mL, respectively. These findings demonstrate that EC combined with gaseous O3 enhanced the antioxidants of mango fruit during storage.

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This study evaluated the antifungal activity of ozone (O3) against stem-end rot of mango fruit (cv. Keitt). Mango fruit were exposed to gaseous ozone (0.25 mg/L) for 24 or 36 h during cold storage, and control fruit were untreated. Experimental fruit were stored at 90% relative humidity and 10 ± 0.5 °C for three weeks and ripened at ambient temperature for one week. Ozone treatment (24 h) inhibited the mycelial growth of Lasiodiplodia theobromae by 60.35%. At day twenty-eight of storage, fruit treated with O3 for 36 h had low mass loss (%) and high firmness compared to the untreated control fruit. Treating mango fruit with O3 (36 h) maintained the color and concentration of total flavonoids throughout the storage time. At the end of storage, peroxidase activity under the O3 24 h treatment was significantly higher (0.91 U min−1 g−1 DM) compared to O3 (36 h) and control, which, respectively, had 0.80 U min−1 g−1 DM and 0.78 U min−1 g−1 DM. Gaseous ozone for 24 h is recommended as a cost-effective treatment for controlling stem-end rot. These findings suggest that gaseous ozone effectively controlled stem-end rot and enhanced the postharvest quality of mango fruit.