We have built a Shallow Gibbs Network model as a Random Gibbs Network Forest to reach the performance of the Multilayer feedforward Neural Network in a few numbers of parameters, and fewer backpropagation iterations. To make it happens, we propose a novel optimization framework for our Bayesian Shallow Network, called the {Double Backpropagation Scheme} (DBS) that can also fit perfectly the data with appropriate learning rate, and which is convergent and universally applicable to any Bayesian neural network problem. The contribution of this model is broad. First, it integrates all the advantages of the Potts Model, which is a very rich random partitions model, that we have also modified to propose its Complete Shrinkage version using agglomerative clustering techniques. The model takes also an advantage of Gibbs Fields for its weights precision matrix structure, mainly through Markov Random Fields, and even has five (5) variants structures at the end: the Full-Gibbs, the Sparse-Gibbs, the Between layer Sparse Gibbs which is the B-Sparse Gibbs in a short, the Compound Symmetry Gibbs (CS-Gibbs in short), and the Sparse Compound Symmetry Gibbs (Sparse-CS-Gibbs) model. The Full-Gibbs is mainly to remind fully-connected models, and the other structures are useful to show how the model can be reduced in terms of complexity with sparsity and parsimony. All those models have been experimented with the Mulan project multivariate regression dataset, and the results arouse interest in those structures, in a sense that different structures help to reach different results in terms of Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Relative Root Mean Squared Error (RRMSE). For the Shallow Gibbs Network model, we have found the perfect learning framework : it is the $(l_1, \boldsymbol{\zeta}, \epsilon_{dbs})-\textbf{DBS}$ configuration, which is a combination of the \emph{Universal Approximation Theorem}, and the DBS optimization, coupled with the (\emph{dist})-Nearest Neighbor-(h)-Taylor Series-Perfect Multivariate Interpolation (\emph{dist}-NN-(h)-TS-PMI) model [which in turn is a combination of the research of the Nearest Neighborhood for a good Train-Test association, the Taylor Approximation Theorem, and finally the Multivariate Interpolation Method]. It indicates that, with an appropriate number $l_1$ of neurons on the hidden layer, an optimal number $\zeta$ of DBS updates, an optimal DBS learnnig rate $\epsilon_{dbs}$, an optimal distance \emph{dist}$_{opt}$ in the research of the nearest neighbor in the training dataset for each test data $x_i^{\mbox{test}}$, an optimal order $h_{opt}$ of the Taylor approximation for the Perfect Multivariate Interpolation (\emph{dist}-NN-(h)-TS-PMI) model once the {\bfseries DBS} has overfitted the training dataset, the train and the test error converge to zero (0).
We have modified the Potts Model Swendsen-Wang algorithm to insert some clusters constraints by applying a modified agglomerative clustering approach (Kurita, 1991). We have called the induced Potts Model, the Potts Clustering with Complete Shrinkage (PCCS), under the Python package pottscompleteshrinkage deployed on PyPi Index under its current release. In this approach, we deal with the increasing number of small clusters generated in a given partition by merging all small clusters of size ≤ h with their closest cluster in terms of minimal distance respectively, where h is an integer greater or equal to 2. The algorithm uses a technique in which distances of all pairs of observations are stored. Then the nearest cluster (with size ≥ h) is given by the cluster with the closest node in terms of minimal distance to the cluster to be merged using complete linkage. This approach is truly effective as it helps to control the clusters size, and we have found empirical evidence of Chi-Square and Gamma density curves for the constrained cluster size distribution of PCCS, when applied to some datasets taken from the multiple-output benchmark datasets available in the Mulan project website (Tsoumakas et al., 2020). We add a last framework based on Frequency of frequency distribution (FoF) to find the conditional bonds distribution given the clusters size constraints which results in an intractable distribution for large datasets, but its computation framework is a land of rich mathematical developments.
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