Due to the higher price of cement compared to other concrete ingredients, the problems associated with greenhouse gases emissions during its production and its high popularity have arisen concerns in its substitution with other supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). In this regard, the current experimental program was established to investigate the fresh and hardened performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) made with coal ash (CA) and fly ash (FA) as fractional substitution of cement. In this paper an attempt was made to use the remaining CA from the barbecue process of the restaurants from Fallujah city, Iraq. A total number of 7 concrete mixes were prepared with unchanged (w/b) ratio of 0.37 and total cementitious content of 450 kg/m3. Reference mix was produced by using 100% cement without FA or CA. Then, other mixtures were batched with 10%, 20% and 30% (by weight) replacement of cement by FA and CA, respectively. The results illustrated that, in contrast to the FA, the CA has negative influences on the fresh properties of SCC but the results still meet the criteria for the fresh behavior of SCC. On the other hand, the inclusion of CA was significantly improved the strength and water absorption of SCC. Sustainable high strength SCC can be produced due to the addition of CA.

Road network infrastructure is the key indicator of sustainable spatial development, as it affects the economy, environment, and society activities. These can be optimized through minimizing the time the vehicles take on the road, which in turn requires high connectivity and then high accessibility between the nodes of the road network. However, it is necessary to put a development strategy that helps the decision makers to produce relative high accessibility over the development time. In this paper, the vulnerabilities regarding the connectivity and spatial accessibility were pinpointed and analyzed, optimum priorities in sequent new linkages adding are made for developing a sustainable infrastructure with faster enhancement for the spatial accessibility. The results have become a tough guidance for decision makers, and can be adopted as a first step for legislating a strategy for sustainable transportation system. K ey w ord s:sustainable spatial development spatial accessibility analysis optimum priorities new linkages adding development strategy

One of the main element in the network is the intersection which consider as the critical points because there are many conflict in this element. The capability and quality of operation of an intersection was assessed to provide a better understanding of the network's traffic efficiency. In Baghdad city, the capital of/Iraq the majority of the intersections are operated under the congestion status and with level of service F, therefore theses intersection are consider as high spot point of delay in the network of Baghdad city. In this study we selected Al-Ameria signalized intersection as a case study to represent the delay problem in the intersections in Baghdad. The intersection is located in the west of Bagdad city, this intersection realizes a huge traffic, and there are a lot of tourist attractions near to the study area. The aim of this research is to enhance traffic operations, improve the level of service and decrease the delay in Al-Ameria signalized intersection by examine four suggested alternative. Special teams with a special tools are collected traffic and geometric data for the intersection. HCS 2010 program are used in this study to measure the delay and evaluate the level of service in each approach and for the hall of the intersection. The result of this study show that the intersection is operated under the breakdown condition with level of service F for all approaches. The results highlighted that the fourth alternative is the best suitable suggestion to enhance the level of service for the intersection. The fourth alternative recommended to construct a flyover from the North bound towards the South bound the level of service improve from F to C for the base year and for the target year.

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The impact resistances of concrete slabs have a different volume fraction replacement of waste plastic aggregate has been examined in this study as a fine aggregate as: 0% (reference), 10%, 20% and 30%. These tests include the splitting tensile, density, compressive strength. Also, the (ultrasonic pulse velocity tests) was carried out. Repeated falling mass was used in order to carry out the low-velocity impact test in which a 1300 gm steel ball was utilized. From a height of 2400mm, the ball falls freely on concrete panels of (500×500×50 mm) with a network of waste plastic aggregate. As per the results, a prominent development was seen in the mechanical properties for mixes involving polyethylene aggregate up to 20% as compared to the reference mix. A significant development was seen in low-velocity impact resistance of all mixes involving waste plastic fine aggregate as compared to reference mix. As per the results, the greater impact resistance at failure is offered by the mix with (20%) waste plastic aggregate by volume of sand than others. The reference mix increased by (712.5%).