Introduction: Adult individuals in Indonesia showed changes in diet and lack of physical activity, therefore increasing the risk of hypercholesterolemia and obesity. One of nutritional therapy for hypercholesterolemia is rice bran oil, which contains active substances that works synergistically in controlling lipid profile. The substances are gamma-orzanol, phytosterols, and vitamin E isomers (tocotrienol and tocopherol).Methods: A clinical trial was conducted for 4 weeks in City Hall of Jakarta on 20 males, age 19–55 years old, with mild-moderate hypercholesterolemia, to assess lipid profile improvement of the supplementation of rice bran oil 45 ml/days compared to 15 ml/days without changing eating patterns.Results: After 4 weeks of intervention, there was significant difference in total cholesterol level between both groups (p = 0.049). In the group that received 45 ml/days of rice bran oil, total cholesterol level decreased 14%, and in the group of 15 ml/days total cholesterol level decreased 7.8%. The reduction of LDL and triglycerides and the increase of HDL were not significantly different between both groups (p >0,05). There was no significant changes of body weight in both groups.Conclusion: This study showed that consumption of  45 ml/days rice bran oil led to better improvements in lipid profiles compare to 15 ml/days. It has been demonstrated that gamma oryzanol and plant sterols in rice bran oil have the capability to remove cholesterol from bile salt micelles, thus decreasing cholesterol absorption in intestine.

Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability in the world. Patients with ischemic stroke have different functional improvements from patients with hemorrhagic stroke. The tool is the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) questionnaire. This study aims to determine the difference in FIM scores in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke at hospitals in Bengkulu City. This research is an observational analytic research with cross-sectional design. The study involved stroke patients who hospitalized at RS Bhayangkara Bengkulu City, RSUD Bengkulu City, and RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu City from January-April 2018 with total sample 22 ischemic stroke patients and 22 hemorrhagic stroke patients who met the inclusion criteria. FIM scores as independent variables, while the type of stroke as dependent variables. The difference between the two variables was analyzed by unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney test. Patients with ischemic stroke had admission FIM score higher than patients with hemorrhagic stroke (26 vs 13,5; p=0.006). There were no differences in discharge FIM score in patients in both types of stroke (1,67 vs 1,58; p=0,081). There was no difference in FIM score gain between patients with ischemic stroke and patients with hemorrhagic stroke (4,12 vs 4,36; p=0,444). Patients with ischemic stroke had higher admission FIM score compared to patients with hemorrhagic stroke, but there was no significant difference in FIM score gain during hospitalization between ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke patients at hospitals in Bengkulu City.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal microbial dysbiosis and its metabolites can affect the immune activity of intestinal mucosal cells, causing insulitis and pancreatic β-cell death. Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus plays an important role in reducing inflammatory cytokines, hence improves oxidative stress that affects pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Current study examined the feature of pancreatic histopathology affected by the administration of probiotic L. acidophilus in rats with type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by streptozotocin (STZ).METHODS: Twelve rats were induced by STZ at double dose of 50 mg/kgBB before administered with probiotic L. acidophilus at a dose of 1.5x10 8 or 1.5x10 9 CFU/mL/day, while other 4 rats were used as control. After 21 days of the L. acidophilus treatment, the average of fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of rats were measured, then the pancreatic histopathology was assessed to evaluate the degree of insulitis in islet of Langerhans.RESULTS: The induction of STZ had been succeeded to increase blood glucose levels, which indicate DM condition. The highest FBG level after 21 days of treatment was found in DM group with glucose level of 512±81.51 mg/dL. The administration of probiotic L. acidophilus during 21 days treatment at both dose 1.5x10 8 and 1.5x10 9 CFU/mL/day significantly improved pancreatic histopathology (p=0.04 and p=0.034, respectively), with significant decrease on insulitis scores compared to DM group.CONCLUSION: The administration of L. acidophilus at both dose of 1.5x10 8 and 1.5x10 9 CFU/mL/day for 21 days can improve pancreatic histopathology of type-1 DM rats induced by STZ, therefore probiotic L. acidophilus may be potential as supplementation treatment for type-1 DM.KEYWORDS: Lactobacillus acidophilus, pancreatic histopathology, streptozotocin, type-1 diabetes mellitus

This study aims to determine the description of vitamin deficiency and sun exposure to vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 health workers in Bengkulu City. This research method is a cross-sectional or cross-sectional descriptive study using a survey or exploratory approach. The results showed that the frequency distribution of the characteristics of the research subjects was mostly 40 years old, with the most occupations being nurses. Most of the disease history was allergies, and 75% of the subjects had no history of the disease. A history of positive confirmation of COVID-19 is 16%. The number of subjects with a history of exposure to the sun with appropriate recommendations was 48%, and those with a history of exposure to more than the recommendation were 27%. There are still 24% of subjects who have low sun exposure, which is under 15 minutes. Based on the examination results of vitamin D levels, most of the research subjects who were health workers experienced 59.5% deficiency and 37.8% insufficiency. The relationship between sun exposure and blood Vitamin D3 levels p = 0.175 (fisher exact test) The results of the Kendall's tau_b correlation are r = 0.047, p = 0.722, age vs vitamin D levels are r = 0.246, p = 0.141, and bodyweight vs vitamin D levels D is r=0.312, p = 0.060. Based on the examination results of vitamin D levels, most of the research subjects who were health workers experienced 59.5% deficiency and 37.8% insufficiency. In conclusion, the relationship between sunlight, age, and body weight with vitamin D levels showed that it was not significant, but this indicated that other variables influenced the deficiency state of health workers. Keywords: COVID-19, Vitamin D, Sun Exposure

Indonesia is already facing a high nutritional problem. Early detection of child wasting is the key to successful prevention and treatment. Increasing animal protein intake for children is one of the government's steps to address child malnutrition. Consumption of fortified milk as one of the animal proteins may support the growth and development of children. The general purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and the implementation of dairy products to improve child immunity and growth. This community service activity was carried out at the Sidodadi village hall, Central Bengkulu in 2021. Participants in the community service activity were maternal and child village health workers, plus representatives from the Puskesmas and village officials with a total of 32 participants. The methods used are socializing information, questions and answers with participants based on experience and field findings, providing materials related to sources of milk food ingredients and their fortification, carrying out copyright quizzes on milk-based healthy food recipes, and monitoring with evaluation. Evaluation sheets are used to assess participant satisfaction and record things that are still needed by cadres for further socialization activities. The performance test was carried out with a quiz on preparing healthy milk-based food recipes for children. Activity results are described with a satisfaction survey. Increasing education through health counseling greatly influences the knowledge of village health worker to be wise in providing education on fortified milk-based foods and providing examples of useful recipes for malnourished children.