Background: Menstrual pain can be severe enough to interfere with everyday activities for a few day every month, particualrly in activities in homes and schools for late adolescents. Dark chocolate is considered effective in reducing menstrual pain. However, little is known about its effect.Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of dark chocolate on menstrual pain in late adolescents.Methods: This was a true experiment study with randomized pretest-posttest with control group design. This study was conducted from September to November 2016 at the Bhakti Husada Boarding School of Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang. There were 50 samples recruited by simple random sampling, with 25 randomly assigned to the experiment and control group. Numeric Rate Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain. Independent t-test and Mann-whitney were used to examine the effect of intervention. Results: There were significant differences in menstrual pain (p <0.001) before and after treatment. The mean of menstrual pain in the treatment group (2.76 ) was lower than the menstrual pain in the control group (5.36) with p <0.001.Conclusion: Dark chocolate could reduce menstrual pain significantly in the late adolescents.

Background: Optimal nutrition from an early age can be achieved through exclusive breastfeeding (ASI). Lack of milk production is one reason why mothers decide to give formula milk to their babies. Preliminary study at Public Health Center of Batealit Jepara indicated that 60% of mothers unable to breastfeed optimally, thus, breast care and oxytocin massage are proposed to increase milk secretion in postpartum mothers.Objective: To examine the effect of combination of breast care and oxytocin massage on breast milk secretion in postpartum mothers.Methods: This was a quasy experimental study with non-randomized control trial with pretest-posttest control group, conducted in the working area of the Community Health Center of Batealit of Jepara from December 5, 2016 to January 15, 2017. There were 44 postpartum mothers recruited in this study using purposive sampling, which 22 assigned in the experiment and control group. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and Mann Whitney test.Results: There was a significant increase of breast milk secretion in the experiment and control group with p-value 0.000 (<0.05). In the experiment group, there was an increase of breast milk seceretion from 17.09 to 220.91 cc, and in the control group there was also an increase from 17.09 to 72.00 cc. The mean difference of breast milk secretion between pretest and posttest in the experiment group was 203.82 and in the control group was 54.90 with p-value 0.000 (<0.05)Conclusion: There was a significant increase of breast milk secretion in postpartum mothers after given the combination of oxytocin massage and breast care in the experiment group compared with the education and counseling about breast care in the control group. Thus, this result can be used as an evidence to perform oxytocin massage and breast care to increase the secretion of breast milk in postpartum mothers.

Background: Labor and childbirth is an extremely painful process. Aromatherapy is considered as one of the nonpharmacological methods to reduce labor pain.Objective: To determine the effect of Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia) aromatherapy on the level of pain in primipara in the first stage of labor.Methods: A quasy-experimental research with pretest and posttest design with control group conducted between October until November 2016. Forthy respondents selected using consecutive sampling, which 20 assigned in each group. a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain scale was used. Paired and independent t-test were used for data analyses.Results: The results showed that the p-value of labor pain after intervention was 0.000 (<0.05), which indicated that there was statistically mean difference of labor pain between intervention (6.10) and control group (4.05) in primipara in the first active stage of labor.Conclusion: The women in the lavender aromatherapy group reported lower intensity of labor pain. The intervention study could be practiced in the community health centers for pregnant women in order for them to apply this healing method.

Background: Increased oxidative stress causes inflammation and increases angiogenesis. It presumed to promote the proliferation of endometriosis tissue. Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum) and other herbs such as green tea and Cucumis melo, which contain high antioxidants, are expected to decrease oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and reduced endometriosis implants.Objective: To investigate the effects of Kebar grass, green tea, and Cucumis melo to malondialdehyde serum, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and the area of the endometriotic implants.Methods: Twenty-eight mice were divided into four groups, i.e., the first group of endometriosis mice was given Kebar grass extract; the second group was assigned green tea extract, the third group was given the combination of Cucumis melo extract–gliadin, and the last containing the untreated endometriosis mice as the control. Each treatment was given for 14 days. The data of MDA serum level, the area of the endometriotic implants, TNF-α, and VEGF expression were collected and analyzed.Results: The MDA serum levels of the groups treated with Kebar grass extract, green tea extract, and Cucumis melo extract – gliadin were significantly lower (p=0.001) than the control group. TNF-α expression of the groups provided with each treatment also lower than the control groups (p=0.002). However, only the administration of the Cucumis melo extract–gliadin resulted in lower VEGF expression compare with the control (p=0.017). Finally, the area of the endometriotic implants of the mice models administered with each treatment was smaller than the control group (p=0.003).Conclusion: Kebar grass as well as green tea and Cucumis melo–gliadin inhibits endometriotic implants extension by decreasing MDA serum and TNF-α expression.

Background: The absence of contractions after childbirth can lead to a slow-running uterine involution process. Thus, the effort to maintain and accelerate the process is needed. Oxytocin massage and hypnobreastfeeding are considered as an alternative treatment, but the effect of the combination of the two treatments have not yet been examined.Objective: To examine the effect of combination of oxytocin massage and hypnobreastfeeding on uterine involution and prolactin levels in post partum.Methods: A Quasy experimental study with pretest posttest control group design. a total of 40 respondents were recruited using simple random sampling, with 20 respondents assigned in the treatment and control group. Metline and ELISA methods were used to measure uterine involution prolactin levels. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.Results: There was a significant decrease of uterine involution in the experiment group and control group after intervention with p-value 0.000 (<0.05), and it can be seen that the uterine involution in the experiment group (6.05) was faster than uterin involution in the control group (7.00).  Findings also showed that the prolactin level in the experiment group (273.53) was higher than the prolactin level in the control group (209.37).Conclusion: There was statistically significant effect of the combination of oxytocin massage and hypnobreastfeeding on the uterine involution and prolactin level in postpartum mothers in the General Hospital of Semarang. It is expected that the combination of oxytocin massage and hypnobreastfeeding can be used as consideration and references in providing postpartum midwifery care.