Abstract:Heterogeneity within the human population and within diseased tissues necessitates a personalized medicine approach to diagnostics and the treatment of diseases. Functional assays at the single-cell level can contribute to uncovering heterogeneity and ultimately assist in improved treatment decisions based on the presence of outlier cells. We aim to develop a platform for high-throughput, single-cell-based assays using well-characterized hydrodynamic cell isolation arrays which allow for precise cell and fluid handling. Here, we demonstrate the ability to extract spatial and temporal information about several intracellular components using a single fluorescent channel, eliminating the problem of overlapping fluorescence emission spectra. Integrated with imaging technologies such as wide field-of-view lens-free fluorescent imaging, fiber-optic array scanning technology, and microlens arrays, use of a single fluorescent channel will reduce the cost of reagents and optical components. Specifically, we sequentially stain hydrodynamically trapped cells with three biochemical labels all sharing the same fluorescence excitation and emission spectrum. These markers allow us to analyze the amount of DNA, and compare nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, as well as glycosylation of surface proteins. By imaging cells in real-time we enable measurements of temporal localization of cellular components and intracellular reaction kinetics, the latter is used as a measurement of multi-drug resistance. Demonstrating the efficacy of this single-cell analysis platform is the first step in designing and implementing more complete assays, aimed toward improving diagnosis and personalized treatments to complex diseases.

This study was conducted out to detected the tomato bushy stunt virus in tomato felids at Ninawa Province included Salamia & Sad Badysh locations. The virus was isolated from infected tomato plants, and identified by mean symptoms on indicator plants, and DAS-ELISA test. Ch. amaranticolor was responded to inoculation by virus necrotic local lesion, D. stramonium by small chlorotic local lesions on inoculated leaves, developed later to mosaic. C. annuum by chlorotic local lesions. P. hybrid by systemic mosaic. Tobacco plants N. glutinosa , N. tabacum, N. rustica were responded to necrotic local lesion. On the other hand N. clevelandii showed a systemic mosaic with the necrosis on the top of new leaves. It was observed that the movement of TBSV from TBSV amended soil in healthy tomato seedling cultivar Jessie fast on in plants sown directly into TBSV-contaminated soil, the virus was detected by DAS-ELISA at 32 days after sowing. In seedlings, previously soon in autoclaved soil and later transplanted in TBSV-contaminated soil, TBSV was first detected at 51 days after sown. At the final harvest (110 d.a.s.) 54% of plant sown directly into TBSVcontaminated soil were found to be infected with TBSV as compared with 30% of those transplanted.

In this study, the Earth's surface was studied in  Razzaza Lake for 25 years, using remote sensing methods. Images of the satellites Landsat 5 (TM) and 8 (OLI) were used to study and determine the components of the land cover. The study covered the years 1995-2021 with an interval of 5 years, as this region is uninhabited, so the change in the land cover is slow. The land cover was divided into three main classes and seven subclasses and classified using the maximum likelihood classifier with the help of training sets collected to represent the classes that made up the land cover. The changes detected in the land cover were studied by considering 1995 as a reference year. It was found that there was a significant reduction in the water mass that made up the lake and its transformation into arid land. The vegetation cover was characterized by the relative stability of the crop class. Its constant percent ranged 60% to 80%, unlike the natural plant class, which fluctuates due to its dependence on environmental factors, which is characterized by change. The Kaju presence of continuous change between soil subclasses was due to the different environments affecting the study area. The most affected class was the shallow water class, which disappeared as a result of the drought experienced by the lake.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of abiotic agents Bion and Riboflavin in inducing resistance in tomato plant Geesy cultivar against Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), under

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