Background: Bone marrow failure that results in pancytopenia causes aplastic anemia clinically. Aim: To determine the frequency of positive microRNAs in plasma of patients with aplastic anemia. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Methodology: Aplastic patients were assessed for microRNAs level and patients were considered positive if the level was ≥2 Results: Majority 20(66.7%) of the patients was aged ≤30 years with only 10(33.3%) patients aged above 30 years. There were 22(73.3%) male and 8(26.7%) female patients with a male to female ratio of 2.8:1. Severe, very severe and non-severe aplastic anemia was recorded in 18(60%), 4(13.3%) and 8(26.7%) patients respectively. Taking a cut-off value of ≥27 IU/mL, 15(50%) patients were positive for microRNAs. Conclusion: It was concluded that a substantial proportion of patients with aplastic anemia were positive for microRNAs and the observed frequency increased with increasing severity of disease which suggested potential role of microRNAs in the diagnostic workup and management of aplastic patients. Keywords: Aplastic Anemia and Micro-RNAs.

Background: Women with von Willebrand disease experiences more postpartum hemorrhage or the bleeding followed by surgery than the healthy women. Aim: To determine the frequency of Von Willebrand disease among females presenting with bleeding complaints at tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methodology: Complete Blood Count, Bleeding Time, Prothrombin time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time were performed on the same day. Blood sample for CBC collected in EDTA tubes and for coagulation assays in tubes containing (3.2%) trisodium citrate. Von Willebrand’s factor: Ag and Factor VIII were analyzed on Sysmex automated blood coagulation analyzer CA (600) while Ristocetin cofactor assay (RiCoF) was performed on Aggregometer. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Chi square ware applied with P-value< 0.05 as significant. Results: Out of 80 patients, 56 patients were unmarried and 24 were married. VWD was found in 22/80 patients (27.5%). Type 3(50%) was the most frequent subtype followed by type2 (22.7%) and type 1(22.7%). In VWD, Menorrhagia (63.6%) was the most frequent symptom. APTT was prolonged in type3 VWD (50%). The mean VWF: Ag 18.5±20, VWF: RICOF 27.7±19 and factor VIII 74.9 ± 62.3 was noted in patients with VWD. Conclusion: It was concluded that VWD is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in females presented with bleeding complaints. Awareness about the disorder is the need of time in order to prevent life threatening bleeding. Keywords: Von Willebrand Disease, Menorrhagia and Bleeding Complaints

Background: Commonest genetic defect includes mutation of F5 gene on the long arm of chromosome1q23 thus both parents carry defective gene. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of inherited Factor V deficiency among patients presenting with bleeding at T.C hospital. Study design: Cross sectional study. Methodology: A total of 300 patient presented with complain of bleeding were included in this study. Detailed history was noted. PCR was performed. After preparation of PCR reaction mixture, incubate tubes into thermal cycler having specific cycling condition. Primer was use for both PCR amplifications and sequencing reactions was designed. Applied bio-system was used for mutation detection. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Results: The average age of the patients was 36.87±9.40 years. There were 213(71%) male and 87(29%) female. Frequency of inherited factor V deficiency in patients presented with complains of bleeding was 3.33% (10/300). Conclusion: It was concluded that frequency of inherited factor V deficiency in present study was low. Conclusion: frequency of inherited factor V deficiency in present study was low (3.33%). Keywords: Mutation, Factor V deficiency, bleeding, PCR reaction.