A two-component, fluorometric procedure has been developed for aminopeptidase profiling of plant pathogens. The method utilizes the simultaneous incubation of bacteria in a combination of substrates, one tagged with β-naphthylamine and the other with 6-aminoquinoline. After incubation, emission from the resultant mixture is examined with the use of both spectral and temporal resolution. A matrix least-squares method based on concatenated decay data at two different wavelengths is suitable for separation for responses with the individual substrates in the mixture. This approach decreases the large number of solutions required for aminopeptidase profiling by a factor of two, while simultaneously minimizing interferences from the biological matrix.

A proof-of-concept transbuccal swab delivery of naloxone-HCL study using a mucoadhesive, plant-based film-forming resin formulation demonstrated comparable blood levels to benchmark intramuscular (IM) injection in highly predictive dog model. Results from this study allow the potential to translate rapid onset in humans with therapeutic blood levels being reached in 2-3 minutes comparable to that observed with commercially available parenteral injections and intranasal administrations. The simplicity, ease of delivery and rapid effectiveness has the potential to meet the public health emergency needs in the rescue of opioid overdosing.

Nanosecond temporal resolution is combined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to improve the lower limit of detection for a plant virus, brome mosaic virus. The method uses alkaline phosphatase as the enzyme link and β-naphthyl phosphate as the substrate. Enzymatic activity produces the highly fluorescent tag β-naphthol. The 8.9-ns lifetime of the tag allows temporal discrimination against the assay blank, providing a 64× improvement in the detection limit as compared to a steady-state measurement, and a ∼4100× improvement over a standard ELISA method incorporating the chromogenic substrate p-nitrophenyl phosphate.