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Abstract. The mosque is a sacred place for worship for Muslims. To this date, the traditional mosque needs to be conserved and preserved wood for aesthetic value. Nowadays, most of the mosque materials have a combination of other materials such as concrete, wood and glass. In order to maintain its fit-for-purpose status, non-destructive tests (NDTs) are recommended to be done periodically to identify hidden deteriorations for planning maintenance and repair works without damaging the structure itself. This paper presents two NDTs -Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity tool (PUNDIT) and Schmidt rebound hammer test -done on 38 concrete columns and 29 ground beams of Masjid Kampung Ulu Semerah, Batu Pahat. Recorded readings have shown that most beams and columns had moderate or weak strength. As such, remedial action should be taken to uphold the mosque's structural integrity.

The minbar is an important mosque element found in the prayer hall. A range of height, width and length is available. The proportion of the minbar to the prayer hall is sometimes overlooked, diminishing the interior aesthetic value. The golden ratio is a design choice that is vital in developing the optimum product design. It is often recognised that using this ratio effectively is a terrific method to create. Thus, this study aims to apply the Golden Ratio principle to the minbar by describing the aesthetic value and interior proportion mathematically. This study determined the appropriate ratio of anthropometric elements via golden spiral template made in AutoCAD programme. When a/b equals a+b/a, the ratios equal 1.618. A total of 27 extant minbars from mosques in Johor were studied. The study's conclusions focused on the front and side elevations of the minbar's width, height, and depth. 11.1% (3 minbar) had the best proportion among the 27 components. 1.5 and 1.7 are close to the golden spiral ratio's ideal ratios. In general, the 88.9% minbar does not meet the golden ratio requirements for height, width, and weight. The Golden Ratio is used to make beautiful minbars. The proportion of mathematics related to user comfort and aesthetic appeal. The elegant design creates a safe and comfortable minbar.

A well-lit learning space is crucial to ensure the comfort of its occupants, especially for an architecture student who spends long hours in a studio to design, sketch, draw and build prototypes. This paper presents the results from a study conducted on the illuminance level of the architecture studios in the city campus of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Malaysia that were once laboratories. Measurements had been done using the Lux meter. Illuminance contours were generated using SigmaPlot and Dialux software for all the five rooms and compared with the requirements stipulated in the Malaysian Standard, Australia/New Zealand Standard and Illumination Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) standard for a room with similar function. A survey was also conducted among undergraduate architecture students who were using the studios daily to gauge their perception on the lighting condition and comfort level. The outcome of this study can be considered for future architecture studio lighting design to improve the students’ learning experience.

Due to the increased food price volatility during the 2007-2008 food price crisis and its aftereffects, food self-sufficiency has been one of the policy priorities in various nations, including Senegal, India, the Philippines, Qatar, Bolivia, and Russia. In addition, the United Nations predicts that the global population will reach 9.7 billion by 2050, and that half of the land that may be utilised for crops and agriculture worldwide would be unusable for farming owing to climate change, soil degradation, and poverty. The world’s population is growing rapidly, and so is the demand for food. This highlights the importance of food self-sufficiency and the need to investigate and develop a comprehensive plan. This study explores food self-sufficiency and the concept of creating a modular and flexible self-produced food system that might potentially generate safe food from organic plants using environmentally aware farming practises and free of pesticide residues without the usage of arable land. The analysis phase comprises categorising the challenges, while the synthesis stage is when the efforts culminate in the creation of a remedy. Hence, more individuals may start growing their own food, with hydroponics being a popular choice.