Background: The aim of the study is to estimate the level of knowledge about retinoblastoma (Rb) and its determinants among non-ophthalmic health professionals of Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional survey was held in 2016 in primary health centres (PHC) and general hospitals in the study area. In addition to demography like age, gender, education, place of work, participants replied to five questions related to Rb with close-ended questions to respond. They were matched to the expert group's answers to estimate the level of knowledge.Results: One hundred and fifty-two non-ophthalmic doctors participated in the survey. The excellent grade of knowledge of Rb was in 66 [43.3% (95% confidence interval 35.5-51.3)] of participants. Very poor level of knowledge was noted in 13 [8.6% (95% CI 4.1-13.0)] participants. Male gender (P = 0.02) and physician category (P = 0.02) were significantly associated with the excellent grade of Rb related knowledge. The participant’s response by type of questions varied significantly (P<0.001).Conclusions: More than half of the non-ophthalmic health professionals had less than desired knowledge about Rb. Health education about Rb to health professionals could be gender sensitive and based on the type of profession. Increasing the awareness about retinoblastoma among non-ophthalmic health professional is important.

Background: Eales disease primarily affects the peripheral retina. However, posterior involvement can be seen. Macular epiretinal neovascularization is not commonly seen in Eales disease. This report highlights the morphology and origin of macular epiretinal neovascularization (ERN) using multimodal retinal imaging, including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Results: A 35-year-old man with no history of systemic disorders presented with gradual decrease of vision in his left eye. Fundus examination of his right eye showed peripheral sclerosed blood vessels, neovascularization of the optic disc and elsewhere, and macular ERN. The view of the left fundus was limited by vitreous haemorrhage. Fluorescein angiography (FA), of the right eye showed widespread peripheral capillary nonperfusion and leakage of dye from the retinal neovascularization and macular ERN. Macular Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the right eye showed an epiretinal membrane and the presence of epiretinal neovascular lesions extending above the internal limiting membrane towards the vitreous. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) showed multiple tiny blood vessels at the macula that arose from the superficial retinal capillary plexuses and extended toward the vitreous. The corresponding B-scan showed flow signal through these vessels and the signal extend above the internal limiting membrane. Systemic work-up was negative except for strongly positive tuberculin skin testing giving the classic diagnosis of Eales disease. Patient was started on empirical anti-tubercular therapy and oral corticosteroids. Scatter laser photocoagulation was applied to nonperfused retinal zones. Despite adequate scatter laser ablation, the ERN failed to regress fully. Conclusions: Macular ERN can be seen in cases of classic Eales disease. The origin of macular ERN in our case was shown to be from the superficial retinal capillary plexuses. We also noted the slower regression rate of macular ERN as compared to the major neovascularizations of the optic disc and peripheral retina. Further research is needed to establish the pathogenesis of ERN and its optimal management.