Zusammenfassung Modellen der Sprachaneignung zufolge sind für die die Entwicklung sprachlicher Fähigkeiten auch die sprachlichen Fähigkeiten von wichtigen Interaktionspartnern (z. B. Peers) bedeutsam. Da objektive Kompetenzmaße von Interaktionspartnern selten verfügbar sind, könnten alternativ Fremdeinschätzungen der sprachlichen Fähigkeiten erhoben werden. Im Beitrag wurden daher Schülerurteile über sprachliche Fähigkeiten von Mitschüler(inne)n im Deutschen und den Herkunftssprachen Türkisch und Russisch als potentielle Indikatoren tatsächlicher Sprachfähigkeiten untersucht. Mit Hilfe von Mehrebenenmodellen wurde analysiert, welchen Einflussfaktoren die Fremdeinschätzungen unterlagen, wie akkurat diese ausfielen und unter welchen Bedingungen akkuratere Einschätzungen gelangen. In allen Sprachen ergaben sich moderate Zusammenhänge zwischen den Fremdeinschätzungen und objektiven Leistungsmaßen, wobei die Urteilsakkuratheit insbesondere von Merkmalen auf der Beziehungsebene zur eigeschätzten Person (gemeinsamer Unterricht, geteilter Sprachhintergrund, Beziehungsqualität) moderiert wurde. Im Deutschen zeigten sich negative leistungsbezogene Vorurteile gegenüber Jugendlichen mit türkischer und russischer Herkunftssprache. Die Ergebnisse werden in Bezug auf Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Fremdeinschätzungen sprachlicher Fähigkeiten sowie auf Konsequenzen leistungsbezogener Vorurteile diskutiert.
Germany faces continuous in-migration since World War II. Nevertheless, young migrants still do not have equal chances of participation, especially if they live in urban areas. International large scale assessment studies still show significant differences between educational attainment of migrant and autochthonous students. Migration is not the only factor that triggers educational disadvantage. Indeed, a variety of factors deriving from migration are usually confounded with other factors, namely the socio-economic background of families and their cultural capital. With respect to access to vocational education or to work, mechanisms of active discrimination of migrants were identified in respective studies.The research project "Mehrsprachigkeitsentwicklung im Zeitverlauf (MEZ)" (Multilingual Development -a Longitudinal Perspective) takes these observations as its starting point. By answers to its research questions it will not only contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge, but also uncover basic information for the development of alternative educational practices which can contribute to the mitigation of educational disadvantages of young migrants. We assume that strengthening their learning potential and resources can add to this aim. And we consider that their language competences, namely the bi-or multilingual competences deriving from the heritage languages they use (not only) in their families, are a relevant part of their potential and resources. In German we use the term "lebensweltliche Mehrsprachigkeit/ multilingualism" in order to call attention to the specific linguistic constellation which the young migrants experience: they acquire and make use of more than one language in their everyday life.In the MEZ project we ask how language competences develop over secondary schooling. We apply a two-cohort sequential design. Data collection started in January 2016 with two parallel cohorts (grade 7 and grade 9) and will be carried out in four waves over three years (until grade 9 and 11, respectively). The sample is composed of autochthonous students who grow up and live in German only on the one hand, and students with a "lebensweltlich multilingual" background on the other. The latter speak German-Turkish or German-Russian at home. We test language proficiency in German (all participants), English (1 st foreign language; all participants), Turkish and Russian as heritage languages and French or Russian as 2 nd foreign languages taught in German schools. The tests measure different dimensions of proficiency: global language competencies in the foreign languages English, French and Russian; receptive language skills in the heritage languages German, Russian and Turkish by means of a standardized reading test; productive writing skills in the foreign languages English, French, and Russian as well as in the heritage languages German, Turkish and Russian. Furthermore, we collect data on individual (e.g. motivation, cognitive competence), contextual (e.g. SES, cultural capital, educational biograph...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.