Abstract.Creative accounting is a common phenomenon in recording the results in organisations. Act No. 431/2002 determines the need for the true and fair representation of econominc results in Slovakia. In this article, the authors discuss the key assumptions of the audit in view of the financial audit application. Based at Slovak legislation, the authors present selected methods and possibilities of the creative accounting avoidance, which have a major impact on public finances in the form of taxes. Keywords: Financial Accounting; Creative Accounting; Tax Evasion; Financial Audit JEL Classification: H4; H41 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.V158-22Нора Штaнговa кандидат економічних наук, професор кафедри малого та середнього підприємництва, Вища школа економіки та менеджменту публічного адміністрування в Братиславі, Словацька Республіка Агнеса Віговa кандидат економічних наук, викладач кафедри публічного адміністрування, Вища школа економіки та менеджменту публічного адміністрування в Братиславі, Словацька Республіка Спосіб уникнення «креативного обліку» в Словацькій Республіці Анотація. «Креативний облік» є поширеною проблемою щодо обліку результатів фінансової діяльності в організаціях. У Словаччині Актом № 431/2002 визначено необхідність правдивого її відображення. У цій статті розглядаються ключові питання аудиту з огляду на застосування фінансового аудиту. На основі законодавства Словацької Республіки запропоновано методи виявлення й уникнення «креативного обліку», який значною мірою впливає на стан державних фінансів. Ключові слова: фінансовий облік; «креативний облік»; ухилення від сплати податків; фінансовий аудит.Нора Штaнговa кандидат экономических наук, профессор кафедры малого и середнего предпринимательства, Высшая школа экономики и менеджмента публичного администрирования в Братиславе, Словацкая Республика Агнеса Виговa кандидат экономических наук, преподаватель кафедры публичного администрирования, Высшая школа экономики и менеджмента публичного администрирования в Братиславе, Словацкая Республика Способы предотвращения «креативного учета» в Словацкой Республике Аннотация. «Креативный учет» является распространенной проблемой касательно учета результатов финансовой деятельности в организациях. В Словакии Актом № 431/2002 определена необходимость ёё правдивого отображения. В данной статье рассматриваются ключевые вопросы аудита с учетом применения финансового аудита. На основе законодательства Словацкой Республики были предложены методы определения и способы избежания «креативного учета», который в значительной степени влияет на состояние государственных финансов. Ключевые слова: финансовый учет; «креативный учет»; уклонение от уплаты налогов; финансовый аудит.

The presented article is a summary of theoretical approaches for evaluating the results of the organization in accordance with the reflection of performance and performance measurement, as well as its reporting in financial statements, which are in the sense of Slovak legislation, the final reflection of the organization. The company has its attributes, and all the attributes affect individual indicators of financial analysis and they are the following: production program, the technology used, the complexity of products, participation of nature, technology and man, the composition of products, method and all operate in a three-balance system: cash-flow-balance sheet- profit and loss statements. In this context, it is necessary to monitor the performance in the organization, which has a direct impact on sales and revenues and then on the overall economic result, which is the main indicator of the successful operation of the company. The transformation process indicates the process and transformation of inputs into a process towards its results, and the interconnection of the three-balance system points to the importance of three types of statements, as follows: profit because of management from the profit and loss statement is also a source in the balance sheet, the result from the cash flow statement represents assets in the form of cash in the balance sheet. All three statements provide relevant data for the financial analysis of the organization.

At present, the basic principle of double-entry bookkeeping in Slovakia as well as according to international accounting standards is the accrual principle. Accounting in the world as well as in Slovakia has undergone a long development, as long as the accounting units could apply this principle in practice. The article is based on the requirements of the European Union and takes into account two assumptions: accrual basis and continuous duration in terms of business operation. The aim of the presented article is to compare the cash and accrual principle in the accounting of the Slovak Republic according to international accounting standards. In the article, we applied the research method -comparison / accrual and cash principle. We used the method of comparison and the method of analysis of performed controls. The article contains a presentation of the results of the control activities of the Supreme Audit Office of the Slovak Republic and the Financial Administration of the Slovak Republic, which these institutions performed at public administration entities and business entities.

A reliable statement of a company's financial position can be obtained by analyzing its ability to pay its liabilities. A financially stable company can pay its liabilities, and a company in financial difficulties has problems with this. For these reasons, it is important to keep the company's liquidity at an optimal level. The article aims to point out liquidity in the context of the image of receivables and liabilities management through the research method of analysis and comparison. The analysis was performed on the basis of the balance sheet of the selected company, where the asset structures were analyzed. We drew our attention to the receivables and liabilities of the analyzed company. We presented the results of the analysis in the final part of the article.

Accounting aspects of costs are defined in the Act on Accounting and Accounting Procedures, tax aspects resp. tax deductibility of costs are defined in the Income Tax Act. The aim of the article is to point out the accounting and tax aspects of costs for public administration entities as well as for business entities in the Slovak Republic. In fulfilling the set goals, the scientific method of comparison is used, which will help to identify the differences and similarities of tax and accounting aspects of cost accounting in the double-entry bookkeeping system. The comparison method will help to identify the tax and accounting aspects of cost accounting in the double-entry bookkeeping system in the Slovak Republic.