Introduction: During the coronavirus pandemic, an initiative was launched in Saudi Arabia to provide telerehabilitation for people with musculoskeletal conditions who were unable to access in-person physiotherapy due to the associated lockdown. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic impact and acceptability of telerehabilitation among the Saudi population. Methods: Ninety-five participants were recruited through an online advertisement and received a physiotherapy consultation and interventions via an online video conference platform (Google Meet). Following screening for red flags, participants received tailored education and conditioning exercises 2–3 times a week for 6 weeks. Outcome measures were recorded at baseline and 6 weeks and comprised the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Patient-Specific Functional Scale, Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire and a satisfaction survey. Results: The most frequent musculoskeletal conditions reported were lower back (37%), knee (14%) and neck (10%) pain and post-operative conditions (15%). Participants showed significant improvements in outcomes at the end of the program (p < 0.001) with effect sizes ranging from 0.6 to −1.9 and reported a high level of satisfaction with the telerehabilitation intervention. Conclusion: This study showed that telerehabilitation was an acceptable method of providing physiotherapy interventions for patients with musculoskeletal conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Background:Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue. The prevalence of osteoporosis among Saudi population was estimated at 34% in a review of the published articles up to 2011. The etiology for this high prevalence among Saudis is multi-factorial and possible causes include: lifestyle malpractices, vitamin-D deficiency and genetic factors. Aim: To evaluate knowledge and perceptions of causes and prevention of osteoporosis among general population of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A national cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted on 579 participants Original Research Articleof general population in Saudi Arabia aged 15 to 65 years old in March 2015 and the questionnaire was validated. Results: Out of 579 participants, 559 have heard about osteoporosis, the main resources were (43.44%) family members and friends. More male (58%) were able to identify that osteoporosis is a silent disease while only (44.4%) female did. the only risk factor that was identified by more than three quarter of participants in both (91.7%) male and (94.8%) female groups was not eating calcium-rich foods. Previous hip fracture was the lowest recognized risk factor (56.66%) of participants. participants with master degree had the best knowledge compared to participants other degrees. Participants with ages between 51-65 years had the higher percent of correct answers while those aged between 15-35 years had the lowest. Approximately 68.1% of respondents were concerned of having osteoporosis in a point of their lives. Almost two thirds (65.6%) thought that they can influence the probability of having osteoporosis. About 8.82% had measured their bone mineral density BMD, while 43.40% of them knew that they have more than one risk factor. Conclusion: This study reveals that osteoporosis knowledge is low among the Saudi population and consequently the attitude and practices towards this disease are also below normal.A good knowledge and awareness of a disease are pre-requisites for success of preventive measures, modifications in life styles and treatment adherence.

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To the Editor: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) indicates the disruption of normal function after a head or body blow or a concussion. In accordance with the criteria of the Glasgow Coma Scale, the severity of a TBI is classified into mild, moderate, and severe, based on patients' motor and verbal responses and eye opening. [1] Recently, studies have shown that 10% to 30% of individuals who tolerate head injuries may experience delayed symptoms and impairments from months to years later. [2] According to the World Health Organization, TBI is predicted to become the third leading cause of global mortality and disability by 2024. On average, 2.8 million people suffer from TBI. [2] TBI is estimated to occur at rates of 1.5 million cases per year in the US and in 116 persons per 100,000 in Saudi Arabia. [1] Initially, we explained the patient's level of limitations and weakness and how the intervention program that she

Falls are a major problem all over the world. Falls may result in bone fractures, fear of falling, and reduced participation in activities of daily living and in social activities, thus, an increased cost of health care to the individual and the society. Falls occur as a result of compounding factors that combine and overwhelm an individual's ability to maintain or regain his or her balance. However, fall rates are often reported as high, suggesting the presence of a gap between clinical practices related to fall prevention and the knowledge of the best available evidence related to fall prevention. The science of knowledge translation (KT) offers a variety of theories that can facilitate the implementation of up‐to‐date knowledge among clinicians. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and review the use of knowledge translation theories, namely the Knowledge to Action Framework (KTA), Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework (PARIHS), Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), in studies related to fall prevention and balance control. A scoping review was conducted to identify studies related to fall prevention and balance control that used one of these four KT theories. An extensive literature search was performed up to January 2021. Two independent reviewers conducted a study selection process followed by data extraction of the search results. Our results identified 16 studies that were related to the scope of our review, with three studies utilizing KTA, two studies using PARIHS, four studies using CFIR, and seven studies using the TDF. Overall, it appears that the use of KT theories is helpful to guide interventions for fall prevention and improve balance control. Future efforts are needed to facilitate the use of KT theories for guiding clinical practices related to fall prevention and balance control.