Artikel ini ditulis untuk mengkaji isu penipuan tanah yang berlaku dalam urus niaga tanah di Malaysia. Pelbagai modus operandi telah dilakukan oleh penjenayah untuk melakukan penipuan. Dengan modus operandi ini, pihak pejabat tanah telah berjaya diperdaya sehingga menyebabkan berlakunya penipuan dalam urus niaga tanah. Perkara ini telah menimbulkan rasa kebimbangan kepada orang awam tentang jaminan ketuanpunyaan yang merupakan bukti muktamad pemilikan terhadap tanah apabila pendaftaran dilakukan dan juga pemilikan tanah yang ditadbir menurut perundangan Kanun Tanah Negara (KTN). Kajian yang dilakukan berdasarkan kaedah analisis kes yang telah diputuskan oleh mahkamah. Hasil kajian mendapati pelbagai modus operandi (MO) telah dilakukan oleh penipu dan pelbagai faktor yang mendorong perbuatan penipuan ini. Penulisan ini turut mengutarakan beberapa cadangan penambahbaikan bagi mengekang cubaan penipuan dalam urus niaga tanah.

Falsafah sistem Torrens ialah ia merupakan satu sistem pentadbiran tanah berasaskan pendaftaran. Sebagai asas sistem Torrens, pendaftaran adalah prasyarat hak milik yang tidak boleh disangkal. Kesan daripada pendaftaran ialah undang-undang mengurniakan kepada penerima pindah milik, pemajak atau pemegang gadaian atau penerima isemen, hak milik yang tidak boleh disangkal. Tetapi sejak mutakhir ini banyak kejadian jenayah kes frod dalam urus niaga tanah menunjukkan peningkatan dari masa ke semasa. Peningkatan kes-kes ini menimbulkan rasa bimbang oleh pemilik-pemilik tanah di atas keselamatan harta mereka kerana tanah mereka boleh bertukar milik tanpa disedari. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini dibuat bagi membincangkan kes frod yang berlaku dalam konteks urus niaga tanah di Malaysia dan membuat perbandingan dengan undang-undang tanah Australia serta mengenal pasti apakah jenis-jenis frod yang berlaku dan seterusnya mencadangkan jalan penyelesaian yang difikirkan sesuai bagi menjamin kepentingan dan hak-hak semua pihak yang terlibat. Katakunci: frod, urus niaga tanah, jenis-jenis frod, cadangan dan penyelesaian, kajian Perbandingan

Digital funding platforms have been contemporaneously developed and utilised as a medium to enable businesses and companies to seek funds and to raise capital for any kind of commercial purposes, at any time or place. Such technology allows the service providers to invite the public to participate in generating funds for the businesses and companies in need. Through this mechanism, it is factual that funds are contributed by the public, while the law clearly provides the restriction of the public to invest or deposit or hold equity in private companies. Allowing the public to directly invest in private companies would be considered as illegal considering the legal restriction imposed on the private companies under the statute. Therefore, this article aims to study the legality of venturing this public money into the business investment of private companies. The focus of this study is the governing law in Malaysia in respect of the legality of funding private companies through online social lending namely peer-to-peer lending (P2P lending). This study is conducted by way of contents analysis of various provisions of relevant legislations. The outcomes of this study show that digital social lending such as P2P lending, has grown and been accepted by various natures of enterprises and private companies in order to start-up their business operation in Malaysia, as it compliments the limitation for private companies to invite the public to venture into their business.

The legal position applicable in Malaysia based on the decision of Adorna Properties Sdn Bhd v Boonsom Boonyanit [2001] 2 CLJ 133 is that the right of the original owners of a land title is not fully protected if the property was transferred to another party by means of fraud, provided the new owner (buyer) has acquired ownership with bona fide (good faith) with consideration. The original owner is not legally entitled to recover the land from the new buyer. In other words, with this decision even though the conversion of ownership was obtained by fraud, if the registered buyer is a bona fide purchaser, the ownership is undeniable. The decision of this case became a binding precedent to all courts in Malaysia and the principle in this case can only be restored or corrected by another decision of the Federal Court. In 2010, the case of Tan Yin Hong v Tan Sian San [2010] 2 CLJ 269 which was decided by the Federal Court was a landmark case which revised the legal principles applied in Adorna Properties.The legal position after the decision of the case in 2010 clearly shows that the original owner has undeniable ownership and has the right to reposses the land when fraud is proven. This purpose of the article is to study the position and the remedy of the bona fide purchaser when the decision in favor of the landowner which may invite injustice to the bona fide purchaser as they solely depending on the document title when dealing with transfer of land matters.The methodology used in this study is a library based research which includes document analysis such as the decided cased, books and articles. This study also raises suggestions of improvement and outcome to ensure the interests and rights of the parties involved.   Keywords: bona fide purchaser, ranking and remedies, challenges, suggestions for improvement.

Umrah package travel has been recognized as one of the main contributors to the Malaysian tourism industry. Muslims in Malaysia travel by package to Mecca and Medina for their specific purpose: to perform religious duty (Umrah) to fulfill the unity of spirit, heart and soul. Recently, thousands of Umrah packages were cancelled by the local tour operators and travel agents due to the decision made by the government of Saudi Arabia who banned the entry to Mecca and Medina due to the fast spread of Covid-19. Consequently, tour operators and travel agents respond differently to this extraordinary circumstance which leads to tremendous loss to the consumers. Thus, this paper aims to investigate how the Malaysian legal system safeguards the rights and interests of Umrah package travelers in Malaysia in the event of extraordinary circumstance by analyzing the existing academic literature and relevant statutes including Consumer Protection Act 1999, Tourism Industry Act 1992 and MATTA Code of Ethics for Members. The results of the above analysis will define the adequacy of the existing legal framework and the mechanism that we still need to protect the welfare of Umrah package travelers.