Resumen− La operación de los radares costeros y oceá-nicos se ve afectada porque los blancos se encuentran embebidos en un fondo de clutter marino. De acuerdo con el criterio de Neyman-Pearson, los detectores de radar siempre buscan garantizar un valor determinado de probabilidad de falsa alarma antes de mejorar otras variables del sistema. Utilizando la herramienta matemáti-ca MATLAB, los autores evaluaron el desempeño de los procesadores CA, OS, MSCA, AND, OR e IS-CFAR con respecto al mantenimiento de la probabilidad de falsa alarma concebida a priori en el diseño. Luego de someter los esquemas a diferentes perfiles de prueba con clutter distribuido Rayleigh, se concluyó que la mayoría de las alternativas presentan problemas ante determinadas situaciones que pueden aparecer con relativa frecuencia en ambientes reales. Consecuentemente, se ofrecen recomendaciones sobre cuál es el mejor esquema para emplear y garantizar una desviación reducida de la probabilidad de falsa alarma operacional con respecto a la de diseño cuando se enfrenta clutter heterogéneo.Palabras clave− Clutter de radar, CFAR, probabilidad de falsa alarma, desempeño de los detectores de radar.Abstract− The operation of coastal and off-shore radars is affected because the targets are surrounded by a background filled with sea clutter. According on the Neyman-Pearson criterion, radar detectors must always try to maintain a constant false alarm probability before trying to improve other system variables. Using the MATLAB mathematic software, the authors evaluated the performance of the CA, OS, MSCA, AND, OR and IS-CFAR processors concerning their ability to maintain the constant false alarm probability conceived in the design. After testing the schemes with different test profiles whose samples were Rayleigh distributed, it was concluded that most of the alternatives exhibit problems when facing certain situations that may appear in real environments. Consequently, recommendations on which solution is best to use are offered for guaranteeing a reduced deviation of the operational false alarm probability from the value conceived in the design when processing heterogeneous clutter.
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