Although the study of Arabic text reading is growing in Arab and other countries, it is

Vocabulary size is a number or a quantity of vocabulary owned by an individual who speaks a language. It is undeniable that the vocabulary size has close relationship with the usage of a language. Nation (2001) & Laufer (1989) recommended that language students to master at least 2000 to 3000 words. This study is to identify the Arabic language vocabulary size between two aspects, receptive and productive. Research samples for this study consists of 127 undergraduates of Arabic Language for Professional Communication Course in UiTM varying from first semester students up until fifth semester students. Few instruments such as Arabic Language Vocabulary Level Test (aLVT) and Productive Vocabulary Level Test (PVLT) are used. The data are analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences V20.0 (SPSS) In average, the findings of this research has concluded that the receptive vocabulary size of Arabic Language is below the recommended level which is 1885 words whereas for productive vocabulary size is only 1655 words.  Hence, this research proposed that students on tertiary level especially should focus more on relevant and high frequency vocabulary to be mastered in order to apply them more effectively. Therefore, teaching personnel should expose students to various techniques in learning vocabulary as well as maximising the use of computers and the Internet during teaching and learning sessions in order to gain students’ interest in learning.

This quantitative study aims to identify the mastery level of Arabic academic vocabulary (AAV) as well as to identify differences in AAV mastery among students between six public universities in Malaysia using receptive and productive AAV test instruments. Researchers constructed AAV test questions based on the test format introduced by Schmitt (2000) with some modifications. A total number of 50 academic vocabularies were filtered from the Academic Word List (AWL) proposed by Davies and Gardner (2013) and was tested on 126 samples through purposive sampling. The data from the test were analysed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2016 software and SPSS V25.0. The results of the study found that the overall mastery of AAV among Malaysian Public Universities (MPU) students is at a moderate level with a mean score of 66%. In addition, there is a significant gap in the mean percentage in AAV mastery, namely IIUM which recorded the highest level (mean = 88%), while UiTM has the lowest value (mean = 54%). The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference in AAV mastery among students between the public universities. The post-hoc Bonferroni test also recorded the same which the value of p = <0.05.

This study falls under discourse analysis studies, focusing on using the academic register in Arabic research articles. Language register refers to using a form of language in a specific context. The use of language register varies according to the structure of discourse and field. For example, language register is used in scientific discourse, entertainment, politics, and health. Using accurate and appropriate scientific language in terms of vocabulary can demonstrate the strength of an article in reporting research results. The current study was conducted to identify the use of the academic register in Arabic via research articles focusing on academic vocabulary. This study was prompted by several issues, such as the weakness of students and researchers in producing quality research reports from the aspect of scientific writing, in addition to the limited number of studies about the academic language register in Arabic. This study was descriptive, using a qualitative approach and content analysis techniques. The unit analyzed was academic vocabulary words taken from six journal articles on Arabic language issues. All articles were written by native Arabic speakers and published by the Arabic journal “al-Majallah al-Urduniyyah fi al-Ulum al-Tarbawiyyah” in Jordan. The academic language register was analyzed using the approach of Ure and Ellis (1977). It was based on the 100 academic vocabulary words (Academic Vocabulary List or AVL) generated by Gardner and Davies (2014). The study's results found that all the suggested words from the AVL were used by Arabic-language researchers in writing their articles with various frequencies. Out of the 100 words selected from the AVL, 71 to 90 vocabulary words were used in each article. The most used word was the word دِرَاسَة which appeared 464 times, but the word شَجَّعَ appeared only 3 times, the lowest frequency.

This research focuses on the use of small talk in communication among the Arabs. The main objective of this study is to identify forms of small talk used by the Arabs. Small talk can be defined as dialogue or informal conversation that does not cover certain topics of conversation that need to be addressed. Small talk is a polite conversation that is considered unimportant. To date, forms of Arabic small talk in communication are yet to be understood clearly and scientifically as there is unsufficient research done in this field. Knowledge and exposure of small talk are expected to contribute towards the effectiveness of communication among the society within the same group and of different group. This is a descriptive study that uses the qualitative approach through content analysis method. The samples of this study are chosen through purposive sampling method. The research data are gathered from an Arabic drama entitled “أوراق الزمن المر” or in English, Bitter Time Sheet. The small talk data are analysed based on Phatic Communication Theory (Malinowski, 1923) by using ATLAS.ti software. A total of ninety-one (91) Arabic dialogue sets that contain small talk element are gathered from the Arabic drama. The result of this study showed that there are 16 forms of small talk among the Arabs namely message, compliment, honour, greeting, well-being query, grace, pleasantry, leave, salutation, offer, joke, interjection, apology, thankfulness, appreciation and query. The result also depicted that using small talk can make the communication process to be more harmonious, smoother and more effective. Hence, the social relationship and familiarity of both parties that communicate with each other can be built, strengthened and maintained. ABSTRAK Kajian ini memfokuskan tentang penggunaan sembang santai dalam komunikasi masyarakat Arab. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti bentuk penggunaan sembang santai yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Arab. Sembang santai dapat diertikan sebagai dialog atau perbualan yang tidak rasmi dan tidak meliputi sesuatu topik perbualan yang perlu ditangani. Ia adalah perbualan sopan tentang perkara-perkara yang dianggap tidak penting. Sehingga kini bentuk sembang santai bahasa Arab dalam komunikasi, masih belum dapat difahami dengan jelas secara ilmiah kerana masih kurang penyelidikan yang dijalankan dalam bidang ini. Pengetahuan dan pendedahan terhadap sembang santai dijangka dapat menyumbang kepada keberkesanan komunikasi antara masyarakat daripada kelompok yang sama dan juga kelompok yang berbeza. Kajian ini merupakan kajian berbentuk deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kaedah analisis kandungan. Sampel kajian ini dipilih melalui kaedah pensampelan bertujuan. Pengkaji mengumpul data penyelidikan daripada sebuah drama Arab, “أوراق الزمن المر” iaitu Lembaran Masa yang Pahit. Data sembang santai dianalisis berlandaskan Teori Komunikasi Fatik Malinowski (1923) dengan menggunakan perisian ATLAS.ti. Sejumlah 91 ungkapan bahasa Arab yang mempunyai unsur sembang santai telah dapat dikumpulkan daripada drama ini. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa bentuk sembang santai yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Arab adalah pelbagai. Ia mempunyai 16 bentuk yang merangkumi bentuk pesanan, pujian, penghormatan, alu-aluan, pertanyaan khabar, doa, berbasa-basi, meminta diri, sapaan, pelawaan, gurauan, mencelah, permohonan maaf, rasa syukur, penghargaan dan pertanyaan. Dapatan kajian juga memperlihatkan bahawa, melalui penggunaan sembang santai, ia dapat menjadikan proses komunikasi semakin harmoni, lancar dan lebih berkesan. Dengan itu, hubungan sosial dan keakraban antara dua pihak yang berkomunikasi dapat dibina, dikukuhkan dan dikekalkan.