Core temperature monitoring is important for the assessment and prevention of possible postoperative complications. The aim of the present study was to examine the agreement between the core temperature values and the forehead, tympanic membrane and axillary values in postoperative adult patients in clinical practice. The study measured the core temperature of 65 patients undergoing scheduled abdominal surgery using SpotOn™ and compared these with those obtained using non-contact forehead infrared, infrared tympanic and axillary thermometers. Correlation and Bland–Altman analyses were conducted for these comparisons. All temperatures were recorded at 4h intervals after postoperative arrival to the ward. Forehead temperature recordings showed a good correlation with the core temperature with excellent accuracy and was comparable to the tympanic temperature. Both forehead and tympanic thermometers can rapidly and effectively measure the core temperature during early postoperative period. Considering patients’ safety, non-contact forehead infrared thermometers may be useful for postoperative monitoring.

AimWe tested a hypothesis that postoperative active warming and/or arm leg stretches reduce the difference between core and skin temperatures (primary variable) improving the peripheral circulation immediately after major abdominal surgery.MethodsFifty‐one patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries were randomly assigned to receive one of three interventions immediately after surgery; routine care (control group), mild intermittent exercise on the bed (exercise group), and forced‐air warming (warming group). Core and skin temperatures and perfusion index were continuously measured from anesthesia induction to 12 h after arrival at the ward.ResultsCore body temperature was maintained over 37°C with a relatively greater gap between core and skin temperatures over 1°C and reduced perfusion index in the early postoperative period in the control group. In the warming group, the reduced skin temperature at arrival at the ward approximated to the core temperature leading to significant reduction of the temperature gap and increasing the perfusion index to the preoperative level. Although less evident, both the temperature gap and peripheral perfusion significantly improved in the exercise group after 6 and 8 h after arrival at the ward, respectively.ConclusionsVasoconstriction in response to cessation after anesthesia and surgery serves to maintain core temperature, but impairs peripheral circulation. Active warming and intermittent mild exercise immediately after arrival at the ward reduces the temperature gap and improves peripheral circulation during the early postoperative period. While cost‐effectiveness needs to be considered before clinical application of the intervention, the cost‐free mild exercise may be a feasible option for improving postoperative patient care.

To the best of our knowledge, no study has focused on exercise therapy performed immediately after surgery. Thus, we aimed to develop exercises to prevent postoperative complications that can be performed immediately after surgery while lying in bed. This study is a pilot study to evaluate whether the exercise program we devised can be implemented in surgical patients and evaluate its validity and usefulness in the healthy elderly. Methods Study designThis prospective, comparative study from November 2021 to March 2022 included healthy elderly individuals and was approved by the author's university ethics review board (21-A061: Ethical Committee of the

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