By random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of the representative isolates of each race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, RAPD fragments of 0.6, 1.6, and 2.9 kb were obtained. The 0.6-kb RAPD fragment was common to the representative isolates of all three races. Amplification of the 1.6-and 2.9-kb fragments were unique to the isolates of races 1 and 2, respectively. Sequence tagged site (STS) marker FLA0001, FLA0101, and FLA0201 were generated from the 0.6-, 1.6-, and 2.9-kb RAPD fragments, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that FLA0001 was common to all 49 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae. FLA0101 was specifically generated from all 23 isolates of race 1 but not from races 2 or 3. FLA0201 was specifically amplified from all 12 isolates of race 2 but not from races 1 or 3. In two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucum, PCR amplified FLA0001 and FLA0101 but not FLA0201. On the other hand, these STS markers were not detected from isolates of five other formae speciales. Because these STS markers were not generated from isolates of other plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, or plant materials examined in this study, PCR analysis combined with the three STS markers should be a useful means for rapid identification of races of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae.
Higher serum AST and ferritin, and lower serum T-Chol are distinctive features in NASH when compared with simple steatosis. GBV-C infection, SENV infection, and HFE gene mutation were not considered to influence the development of NASH from simple fatty liver.
Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae obtained from six localities in Japan were divided into three pathogenicity groups. Group 1 was highly pathogenic to lettuce cultivars of crisphead and red leaf types and was less pathogenic to butterhead and green leaf type cultivars. Group 2 was highly pathogenic to butterhead type and less pathogenic to crisphead and leaf types. Group 3 was less pathogenic to all lettuce types than groups 1 and 2. These results indicated pathogenic differentiation in F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, roughly relating to horticultural types of host lettuce cultivars.
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