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Students with high reciprocation wariness, a general fear of exploitation in interpersonal relationships, showed (a) a markedly reduced positive response to cooperative communication in a Prisoner's Dilemma bargaining task, (b) a greater negative response to uncooperative communication, and (c) an increased positive response to the prospect of long-term interaction. Friends and roommates of high-wary students evaluated them as unsympathetic, inconsiderate, and manipulative. Students who were supervised by high-wary dormitory resident assistants evaluated them as unapproachable, hesitant to develop close relationships, and unresponsive to student needs. Wariness was found to be unrelated to social goal orientation and Machiavellianism. Reciprocation wariness appears to inhibit the establishment and strengthening of interpersonal relationships.According to Gouldner (1960), there is a universal ethic requiring that aid received from others be compensated. Consistent with this view, greater help received generally increases the amount of help returned (e.g.,

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