This research is to describe human capital investment and local development in the digitalization era. This topic is highly relevant and widely discussed in the scientific literature. The research method used is a literature study by carrying out several main approaches to the definition of human capital investment, local development, and sustainable development in the midst of the digital transformation that is sweeping the world today. The purpose of this research is to get a critical reflection on human capital investment and regional development in the digitalization era in the context of diverse approaches and opinions. The method used in this study is to use systematic literature reviews. The results of research based on literature studies show that in facing the digitalization era, human capital is needed for investment and regional development. The development of the digitalization era requires the role of human capital that is oriented to the use of resources in local government by containing aspects of the use of technology as one of the developments of competencies. This orientation can of course be carried out through continuous and systemic education and training in maintaining the quality of the results of human capital development in the regions, including pentahelix in the regions. Keywords: human capital investment, regional development, digitalization