Free-space optical (FSO) communication is one of the choice of researchers for most of the bandwidth hungry applications in evolving networks where the deployment of optical fiber is not directly possible as a transmission medium. In this research article, benefits, challenges, applications and role of FSO is discussed in detail for evolving networks. Further, performance of FSO communication system is tested using four channels of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). Various simulations are performed on FSO including different weather conditions, that directly affect the link performance. Many important parameters such as distance, data rate, bit error rate, amplifier gain, transmitter power, and attenuation under different weather conditions are tested in this research work. The operation of FSO communication system is carried out in the range 760-850 nm where equal channel spacing is considered for the working of DWDM communication system. Moreover, a fair comparison of proposed system is also presented for its operation in two more bands i.e. C and L-band, to show which one offers better performance. Simulation are performed in licensed version of Optisystem 14.0 and MATLAB. For the analysis of proposed system, results are presented in the form of BER and Q-factor plots.

Radio over fiber (RoF) has found to be one of the most effective communication techniques. It has the tendency to incorporate both optical fiber and free space radio paths. In this research article, importance, benefits, and applications of RoF system are discussed in detail for futuristic networks. The performance of RoF system is visualized by modulating the data with the RF signal having same frequency at both transmitter and receiver ends. Initially, the performance is checked using non-return to zero (NRZ) format and later compared with duobinary (DB) and carrier suppressed return to zero (CSRZ). Various simulations are performed which directly affect the system performance. Important parameters such as RoF link distance, data rate, transmitter power, amplifier gain, and RF signal frequency are tested. The operation is carried out at 1550 nm wavelength and 30 GHz RF frequency. System is optimized to receive the transmitted waveforms successfully. Simulations are performed in Optisystem 17.0 and MATLAB. For the analysis, the results are plotted using Q-factor and BER values.

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The evolving 5G technology is currently facing some huge challenges such as cost, bandwidth, network flexibility, deployment and capacity. Free space optics (FSO) is an emerging technology and viable approach to address the challenges of upcoming networks. This paper presents the performance comparison of advance variants of Return to zero (RZ) and Non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation formats in FSO communication. Detailed analysis of FSO link is carried out under various weather conditions by means of numerical simulations in which different data rates and distances are tested to evaluate the performance. The effects of different weather conditions over the performance, efficiency and availability of FSO link are analyzed on the basis of quality factor (Q-factor) of received signal. The work is performed on the licensed version of Optisystem v14.0.

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