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<p>Phase angle detection of the grid voltage is an imperative part of control in most applications, especially for the synchronization of the current injected by the grid-connected photovoltaic inverters. Consequently, fast and accurate detection of the phase angle, frequency and amplitude of the grid voltage are indispensable data to ensure a correct generation of reference signals and operation of the grid connected inverters. We present in this work a new phase-locked loop (PLL) method for single-phase systems. The novelty is to generate an orthogonal voltage system using a second-order generalized integrator (SOGI), followed by a Park transformation, whose quadrature component is forced to zero by the fuzzy logic, in order to obtain rapid detection and a more accurate picture of the phase angle. Furthermore, simulation results with PSIM software will be submitted to verify the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method strategy. Finally, the experimental test will be used to extract the result and discuss the validity of the proposed algorithm.</p><p> </p>

<span lang="EN-US">Islanding is when an area of the electrical distribution system is isolated from the electrical system while being powered by distributed generators. An important condition for the interconnection of power plants and distribution systems is the ability of the power plant to detect islands. The presented and proposed method is a combination of best active sandia frequency shift (SFS) method with the intelligent fuzzy logic controller, which has been tested in distributed production using the island detection function. And the choice to improve the method by fuzzy logic control (FLC) is retained, as this process is more effective in decreasing the non-</span><span lang="EN-US">detection zone (NDZ) and in further improving the efficiency of the islanding detection system. This paper proposes a new active islanding detection technique controlled by a fuzzy logic controller, for grid connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters. In addition, the efficiency and performance of the proposed method strategy for islanding detection has been analyzed and tested in the various situations of the network. In addition, the results of the simulations with the <span lang="EN-US">power </span><span lang="EN-US">simulation (</span>PSIM) software will be provided to illustrate the main conclusions and the development of the control. Thus, will be used to show the feasibility and validity of the proposed new algorithm.</span>

Abstract. The Photovoltaic Generator have a nonlinear characteristic function relating the intensity at the voltage I = f (U) and depend on the variation of solar irradiation and temperature, In addition, its point of operation depends directly on the load that it supplies. To fix this drawback, and to extract the maximum power available to the terminal of the generator, an adaptation stage is introduced between the generator and the load to couple the two elements as perfectly as possible. The adaptation stage is associated with a command called MPPT MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker) whose is used to force the PVG to operate at the MPP (Maximum Power Point) under variation of climatic conditions and load variation. This paper presents a comparative study between the adaptive controller for PV Systems using MIT rules and Lyapunov method to regulate the PV voltage. The Incremental Conductance (IC) algorithm is used to extract the maximum power from the PVG by calculating the voltage Vref , and the adaptive controller is used to regulate and track quickly the PV voltage. The two methods of the adaptive controller will be compared to prove their performance by using the PSIM tools and experimental test, and the mathematical model of step-up with PVG model will be presented.

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