Background Accurate breast cancer size is crucial for staging and an important prognostic factor in patient management. Therapeutic decisions heavily depend on tumor size detection by radiological imaging. The purpose of our prospective comparative study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of different sonomammographic breast imaging modalities, namely DM, DBT, CESM, 2D US and 3D US in the preoperative tumor size measurement. Results CESM, 3D US and 2D US achieved moderately strong correlation with the pathological size measurements, while (DM) and (DBT) showed fair correlation with the pathology. CESM showed the highest correlation coefficient (0.789), while (DBT) showed the lowest correlation coefficient (0.411). Regarding the agreement, there was good agreement of the size measured by CESM, 3D US and 2D US with the pathology as the ICC was (0.798), (0.769) and (0.624), respectively. The highest agreement with the pathology was achieved with CESM. The agreement of the size measured by (DM) and (DBT) with the pathology was moderate as the ICC was (0.439) and (0.416), respectively. The lowest agreement was achieved with the size measured by (DBT). Conclusions CESM and 3D US are more superior to DM, 2D US and DBT regarding preoperative size measurement. 3D US can be used as preoperative noninvasive technique, especially in patients with impaired renal function who cannot tolerate CESM.

Background The aim of this study was to verify the findings of color-coded sonoelastography in Achilles tendon disorders against ultrasonographic and MR imaging findings, describing the elastographic patterns and correlating their diagnostic ability to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a gold standard. Results Our study showed that sonoelastography appeared to be highly sensitive to ultrasonographically detected changes, with 100% sensitivity, 16.6% specificity, 73% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value, making it a good negative test to exclude suspected tendinopathy in equivocal cases. MRI examination was used as a gold standard. Elastographic grades showed moderate agreement to those of MRI (κ = 0.44, p < 0.001), while elastography had overall sensitivity of 87.5%, 100% specificity, and 90% accuracy in differentiating normal and pathological tendons. Conclusion We concluded that sonoelastography is a sensitive method in the diagnosis of Achilles tendon pathologies detected by ultrasound examination and it can be well correlated to MRI with high specificity for pathological tendons.

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is defined as arthritis of unknown etiology beginning before the age of 16 years and persisting for at least 6 weeks, while excluding other known conditions. Aim of Study:The purpose of this study is to highlight the beneficial role of MRI & US in the evaluation of knee joint affection in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, especially in early cases. Patients and Methods:The study was carried out on fourty patients (26 females and 14 males), referred to the Radiology Department of Kasr El-Ainy Hospital from Abo El-Rish Pediatric Hospital. Their age ranged from 2.5 years up to 13 years. All patients underwent examination of the more symptomatic knee joint using MRI with intravenous contrast (Gadolinium) and Ultrasound (US) examinations. The results of the ultrasound were compared to those of MRI, with the MRI being the gold standard of diagnosis.Results: Among the studied cases ultrasound was able to detect joint effusion in all cases as a compressible anechoic area. It was able to detect synovitis as synovial thickening and increased vascularity on power Doppler in all cases which is evident mainly in the suprapatellar recess. The accuracy of US regarding both effusion and synovitis was 100%. Ultrasound had great potential to identify the normal cartilage and allows for differentiation of the abnormal morphology such as loss of clarity, irregularity, and defects on the surface. In our study ultrasound was able to demonstrate most of the cases. The overall accuracy regarding cartilage changes was 90%. In this study six of the cases had bone erosions which were detected on MRI. US was able to detect four of these cases. The overall accuracy of US regarding erosions was 95%. Conclusion:Ultrasound has the ability to demonstrate knee joint pathology in early JIA which can help start early treatment or modify already existing one to prevent permanent joint damage. At this point in time, however, it is not possible to determine that ultrasound is superior to MRI, especially regarding bone erosions and the fact that it is operator dependent and needs experience.

Background Worldwide, millions of people got COVID-19 infection since the start of the pandemic with a large number of deaths. Re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 is possible, because it can mutate into new strains as it is an RNA virus. The main objective of our study is to correlate between CT severity score of the patients re-infected with COVID-19 during the first and second attack and its clinical impact. Results We performed a retrospective cohort study. It was carried out on fifty symptomatic patients (11 females and 39 males). Their ages ranged from 38 to 71 years. We included only patients who were re-infected after more than 6 months of the first infection and showed clinical symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive test. We found that CT severity score was decreased in the second infection in 47 (94%) of our patients associated with decreased respiratory distress as well as oxygen requirements, while the CT severity score was increased in two patients and only one patient showed no change in CT score severity between two infections. Conclusion The reduction in CT severity score in the majority of re-infected patients suggested the role of the immunity developed from first infection in protection against severe lung affection in case of repeated infection even after 6 months despite poor immunity against re-infection.

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