The present study aimed to evaluate the awareness and measures taken to prevent infections of blood-borne pathogens (BBPs) among emergency department (ED) staff at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh. MethodA cross-sectional research approach was adopted. The study recruited a sample of 200 ED medical staff from King Abdul Aziz Medical City in Riyadh city. A self-filled questionnaire was used to elicit data related to awareness and concerns, in addition to the protection strategies adopted by the ED medical staff. The gathered data was analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS, v. 26). ResultsThe study found that 42.5% (n=85) of the emergency room (ER) staff did not use regular eyewear at all, 30% (n=60) did not use face shields at all, and about 75.5% of the enrolled ED staff successfully converted to double-gloving. In addition, it was found that patients with active AIDS (64%), patients with active hepatitis (60.5%), and patients with known HIV infection (60%) were the most reported factors influencing the decision to use double-gloving. Moreover, it was found that the highest reported reasons for not doublegloving were that double-gloving is not necessary (56%, n=112) and double-gloving decreases hand sensation (31%, n=62). Finally, the study found that the most reported reasons for not using barriers other than gloves precautions were non-necessity of barriers other than gloves (31% (n=62) and non-availability (26.5%, n=53). ConclusionThe study concluded that ER medical staff in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City in Riyadh perceived a high level of lifetime risk of infection when performing procedures and that there is a lack of education and awareness of ER staff related to using personal protective equipment (PPE) and double-gloving when performing procedures in the ER.

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The current research aims to reveal the effectiveness of a proposed program to employ virtual reality technology in developing metacognitive skills among kindergarten teachers. The researcher will use the experimental method due to its suitability to the nature of the research. The research population consisted of all the teachers of kindergarten children in the Tala Educational Administration, and the basic study sample will consist of (40) female teachers distributed into two experimental groups and a control group, each group consisting of (20) female teachers. To achieve these goals, the researcher will use the following tools: a survey of teachers' opinion about metacognitive skills to be developed among kindergarten teachers, prepared by the researcher, and a measure of metacognitive skills among kindergarten teachers, prepared by the researcher, and the proposed program for employing virtual reality technology, prepared by the researcher.

Background Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a potentially life threatening complication of treatment with ovulation induction medications. Aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on staff nurses knowledge and preventive measures regarding Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design with pre/posttests and follow up was used. Setting: the present study was carried out at Gynecology ward and Laparoscopic unite at Zagazig University hospitals. Sampling and Subject: a purposive sample of 50 nurses was recruited for this study. Tools of data collection: Tool I: a structured interview sheet. Tool II: Observational checklist for nurses regarding preventive measures of OHSS. Results; A statistically significant improvements was observed in total level of knowledge score after program implantation compared to its level before intervention, where 90.0 % of the studied nurses had poor knowledge in pretest which declined to 14.0% and 18.0% at immediately post and after one month of interventions respectively. Also statistically significant improvement was revealed in total score of good practice (88.0%) in favor of the post-test compared to (10.0%) in pretest and (78.0%) in follow up phase. Conclusion: Implementation of the structured teaching program was effective in increasing the knowledge level and utilization of preventive measures regarding OHSS. Recommendations: Implementation of structured teaching program with a learning booklet for nurses on other health center for IVF should be conducted in order to increase their level of knowledge and practice regarding Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome.