Abstract. Putri ND, Sulistyowati L, Aini LQ, Muhibuddin A, Trianti I. 2022. Screening of endophytic fungi as potential antagonistic agents of Pyricularia oryzae and evaluation of their ability in producing hydrolytic enzymes. Biodiversitas 23: 1048-1057. One of the most important phytopathogenic fungi is Pyricularia oryzae, as it is the causative agent of rice blast diseases, which is the most destructive and detrimental disease in rice. Biological control using endophytic fungi can be an alternative to control blast diseases. Endophytic fungi are fungi that colonize internal plant tissues without apparently damaging the host. The aim of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi that produce hydrolytic enzymes and to investigate their ability to suppress blast disease. In this study, fifty strains of endophytic fungi were successfully obtained from rice leaves. Three fungi with the highest inhibition against P. oryzae were identified as Trichoderma asperellum, Curvularia chiangmaiensis, and Fusarium solani by analyzing fungal ITS sequence. They can produce chitinase ranging from 1.43 to 151 ?g/mL and cellulase ranging from 1.83 to 4.09 ?g/mL, which were hydrolytic enzymes that account for the lysis of phytopathogens. This enzymatic activity can cause damage and degradation of cell walls. SEM results revealed that these endophytic fungi probably excreted wall lytic enzymes or antifungal substances, inflicting wrinkles and disintegrating P. oryzae mycelium.

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan menulis permulaan siswa kelas I SDN 05 Padang Pasir dengan menggunakan model Talking Stick.Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (class room action research) dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas I SDN 05 Padang Pasir, Padang tahun ajaran 2021/2022 yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus memiliki empat komponen yaitu perencanaan, tindakan observasi, serta refleksi. Teknik penilaian berbentuk tes menulis permulaan menulis kalimat petunjuk tema lingkungan bersih sehat dan asri.Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan penelitian ini ditandai dengan meningkatnya kemampuan menulis permulaan menulis kalimat petunjuk tema lingkungan bersih sehat dan asri yang ditandai dengan 80% siswa mencapai KKM yang telah ditetapkan.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media model Talking Stick ini terbukti mampu meningkatkan kemampuan menulis permulaan siswa kelas 1 SDN 05 Padang Pasir. Peningkatan tersebut dapat dilihat dari rata-rata nilai hasil evaluasi siswa yang mengalami peningkatan pada setiap pertemuannya. Rata-rata hasil tes menulis pada pratindakan sebesar 62,5. Siklus I rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 72,69. Peningkatan rata-rata hasil evaluasi menulis permulaan siswa dari pra tindakan ke siklus I sebesar 10,19. Pada siklus II rata-rata hasil evaluasi siswa meningkat menjadi 83,03. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil evaluasi siswa meningkat lagi sebesar 10,34.

Endophytic fungi are fungi that inhabit the internal tissues of plant and belong to a group of microorganisms reported to have beneficial effects on plants. In this study, three endophytic fungi isolated from rice plant tissue were identified as Trichoderma asperellum, Curvularia chiangmaiensis, dan Fusarium solani. These three fungi have the ability to produce IAA between 3.03 to 6.00 µg/mL. For phosphate solubility assay, all endophytic fungi showed a clear zone around the colonies in Pikovskaya medium and could dissolve phosphate in the range of 2.74 to 17.61 µg/mL. In addition, in vivo observations of the inoculation endophytic fungi can reduce the intensity of blast disease in rice plant. So that, it can be seen that the three fungal isolates can become plant growth promoting fungi and can also used as bicontrol agents for blast disease in rice plant.

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of employee performance on the quality of administrative services at the Tanggulangin District office, Sidoarjo Regency. The research method used is correlational quantitative research. The sampling technique was Accidental Sampling and the determination of the sample size using Isaac & Michael's table calculations amounted to 347 respondents. The results of data analysis obtained from the respondents' questionnaires indicate that there is an influence between employee performance and the quality of administrative services at the Tanggulangin District office, Sidoarjo Regency as evidenced by the partial test with the value of the independent variable obtained that (sig < a = 0.000 < 0.05). This result is also evidenced by a simple linear regression analysis test, the value obtained from a simple linear regression analysis of employee performance is 0.837. Multiple correlation coefficient test obtained a value of 0.716 or close to 1 so that there is a strong relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Multiple Determination Test to get the results of R Square is 0.576. It means that the rise and fall of the dependent variable is influenced by the independent variable, namely 57.6%, while the remaining 42.4% is influenced by other variables outside the variables studied.

Abstract. The practice of monetization on the Tiktok application uses a syirkah abdan contract, this can be said because the collaboration between Tiktoker and third parties is not based on capital in the form of skills, skills and effort contributions. The matters regarding syirkah or cooperation are contained in the Fatwa of DSN-MUI No. 114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 concerning the Syirkah Contract. However, in practice, TikTokers do not know clearly about the income they will get. This is contrary to one of the contents of the DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 concerning the Syirkah Agreement article 8 paragraph 1 and sometimes only getting a product which is indeed his duty to promote, this is not comparable to a third party benefit in the form of increased sales results reported by TikToker. This also contradicts the DSN-MUI Fatwa No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 regarding the Syirkah Agreement article 6 paragraph 4. This study aims to determine how the DSN-MUI Fatwa No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 understands about Syirkah contract on the pattern of cooperation contracts and their implementation on Tiktok monetization. The method used in this research is qualitative. Based on what is done based on this fatwa, monetization should not be carried out because there are some discrepancies in terms of profit-sharing ratio, profit, and timing of profit-giving between the practices carried out and the provisions of the DSN-MUI Fatwa No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 regarding the Syringe Contract                Keywords: Monetization, Shirka, Fatwa MUI Abstrak. Praktik monetisasi pada aplikasi Tiktok menggunakan akad syirkah abdan, hal ini dapat dikatakan karena kerjasama antara Tiktoker dengan pihak ketiga tidak didasarkan pada modal yang berupa harta melainkan berupa kontribusi keahlian, keterampilan dan usaha kerja. Adapun hal-hal mengenai syirkah atau kerjasama dimuat dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Syirkah. Namun pada pelaksanaan kerjasama justru para TikToker tidak mengetahui dengan jelas mengenai pendapatan yang akan dia dapatkan. Hal ini bertentangan dengan salah satu isi Fatwa DSN-MUI No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Syirkah pasal 8 ayat 1 dan terkadang dia hanya mendapatkan suatu produk yang mana produk itu memanglah tugas untuk dia promosikan, hal ini tidak sebanding dengan pihak ketiga yang mendapatkan keuntungan berupa peningkatan hasil pennjualan yang dipromosikan oleh TikToker. Ini juga bertentangan dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Syirkah pasal 6 ayat 4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Syirkah terhadap pola akad kerjasama dan implementasinya pada monetisasi Tiktok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif. Berdasarkan tinjauan yang dilakukan berdasarkan fatwa tersebut praktik monetisasi ini tidak boleh dilakukan karena terdapat beberapa ketidaksesuaian dalam hal nisbah bagi hasil, keuntungan, dan waktu pemberian keuntungan antara praktik yang dilakukan dan ketentuan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Akad Syirkah. Kata Kunci: Monetisasi, Syirkah, Fatwa MUI