This study aims to determine of profitability, liquidity, assets structure, growth and firm size on the capital structure decision in mining company listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange through the pecking order theory. Pecking order theory prefers internal financing than external financing. The sample used in this study were 11 mining company who listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. Where the method used was purposive sampling. Analysis of data using multiple regression analysis tools, which is preceded by classical assumption and hypothesis testing used by the t test and F test. Result of regression analysis indicates that simultaneously profitability, liquidity, assets structure, growth and firm size affect the capital structure. While the partially variable affecting significantly is profitability and firm size. While liquidity, assets structure and growth not significantly affect the capital structure.