Human lifestyle factors are potential contributing factors to tuberculosis (TB) transmission in Malaysia, but the previous studies have not comprehensively explored these factors by using geospatial and public perspectives. The aim of the study was to examine the impacts of lifestyle risk factors on TB cases in Shah Alam using an expert and public participatory GIS (PPGIS) approach with the 5-risk scale from 1 to 5. Local health experts have suggested that the overall risk scale of TB-lifestyle factors are 2.33 (medium risk) as revealed in the public perception and GIS map (2.08). Key findings have shown that the factors of obesity/weights, diet routine, living conditions, physical exercise and socioeconomic status become a potential threat to the local community to get TB infection, especially if all these factors combine together.

Covid-19 has a significant impact on the hotel's operations. The reopening process has begun, especially on the hotel website. Therefore, the hotel industry must understand the need to influence customers' choices through advanced I.T. This study is intended to explore the effect of t e-service quality on customer engagement behaviors via the SEM method with the PLS estimation technique with 247 respondents. The findings indicate that system availability is the most significant influence influencing customer engagement behaviors, followed by system efficiency, system privacy/security, and system fulfillment. This finding will help the hotel's manager boost customer engagement. Keywords: e-service quality, customer engagement, hotel industry, website. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA CE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., U.K. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3748

The reopening process has begun Covid-19, especially in the hotel operation. Therefore, the hotel industry must understand the need to influence customers' choices through advanced of information technology (IT). This study is intended to explore the effect of t e-service quality on customer engagement behaviors in Malaysian hotels. This study was analyzed via PLS-SEM with 247 respondents. The findings indicate that system availability significantly influences customer engagement behaviors, followed by efficiency, system availability, privacy/security, and fulfillment. Based on what this study found, Malaysian hotel service providers will be able to improve the quality of their e-services to get customers more involved.

The reopening process has begun Covid-19, especially in the hotel operation. Therefore, the hotel industry must understand the need to influence customers' choices through advanced of information technology (IT). This study is intended to explore the effect of t e-service quality on customer engagement behaviors in Malaysian hotels. This study was analyzed via PLS-SEM with 247 respondents. The findings indicate that system availability significantly influences customer engagement behaviors, followed by efficiency, system availability, privacy/security, and fulfillment. Based on what this study found, Malaysian hotel service providers will be able to improve the quality of their e-services to get customers more involved. Keywords: e-service quality, customer engagement, hotel industry, website. eISSN 2514-751X © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER &  cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v7i22.410