Avitourism or birdwatching tourism is currently an emerging sub-sector in nature-based tourism industry. Although birdwatching is well established in Johor, however, the focus only concentrated on the famous birdwatching hotspot areas such as Panti Bird Sanctuary, Endau-Rompin National Park and many more. Other areas in Johor was remained understudied and the potential as Avitourism/birdwatching spot was remained undiscovered. Hence, this study aims to fill in this loophole by providing the checklist of the bird species and investigating the potential of Avitourism in Tanjung Laboh, Johor. The method used was a direct observation by using a binocular (10 x 50 magnifications) and a video recorder. For the evaluation of Avitourism, a set of questionnaire was distributed among Tanjung Laboh villagers consisting of fifteen respondents. Determination of flagship species was done based on the criteria of good nature tourism products modified from WTO/UNDP. A total of 21 bird species were recorded in Tanjung Laboh. From this, 18 bird species are resident, and three bird species are migrant. In terms of conservation status, 18 species are listed as Least Concern (LC) and three species are Vulnerable (VU). Five species were chosen as flagship species due to their high potential to be developed as a product for Avitourism. The species are Red-wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus), White Breasted Waterhen (Amaururnis phoenicurus), Greater Flameback (Chrysocolaptes lucidus), White-bellied Sea-eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) and Lesser Adjutants (Leptoptilos javanicus) because of its higher score as a product in Avitourism which includes the criteria such as safety, reliability of a sighting, morphological attractiveness, behavioral enticement, rarity, endemism, and cultural linkages. Therefore, it can be concluded that Tanjung Laboh has a high potential to be develop as one of the birdwatching and Avitourism spot in Johor.

An assessment towards potential breeding sites container was conducted in the UniversitiTeknologi MARA, peripheral areas.Sample was collected by dipping identified as positive out of total 147 containers surveyed. highest number of positive container container, vase and old furniture (9%), bottle (6%) and water dispenser (3%). Kg TersusunBatu 3 showed the highest number of positive container (N=16), foll Tapah Road (N=12), Taman Tapah (N=4) and UiTMTapah (N=2). The number of albopictus (85%) collected was h (15%). Source reduction by eliminating any potential curb the population of Aedes mosquitoes.

The effect of physical factors on the abundance of aquatic insects has been studied in Kuala Woh and Lata Kinjang Rivers, Perak, Malaysia. The focuses are to identify the aquatic insect families, to compare the abundance of aquatic insects in both sampling areas and to investigate the effect of physical factors (water temperature, depth of water, canopy, and water velocity) of both places on the abundance of aquatic insects. The samples were collected by using aquatic net. Physical parameters; water velocity, water temperature, depth and canopy cover have been measured in situ and recorded. A total of 278 individuals classified into 6 orders and 9 families of aquatic insects were identified from two sampling sites. The largest percentage of samples collected is from order Plecoptera 62.6%, followed by Trichoptera 15.8%, Hemiptera 10.8%, Ephemeroptera 7.9%, Odonata 1.4% and Coleoptera 1.4%. The aquatic insects collected from Kuala Woh have the highest abundance of 214 individuals from 6 orders and 9 families compared to Lata Kinjang which only have 64 individuals from 5 orders and 6 families. Chi-square test value (23.494) indicated significant association between different sampling areas and abundance of aquatic insects, P value = 0.003 (p < 0.05). Kuala Woh has a moderate stream flow (0.17 m/s) of warm water (27°C), with 0.85 m depth and not covered by canopy. Lata Kinjang has faster stream flow (0.84 m/s) with the temperature of 24°C, 0.36 m depth and covered by canopy. The results reveal that the abundance of aquatic insects is high when water temperature increases, low water velocity, deeper water and the area that is not covered by canopy.

A serious deduction in waders population worldwide has led to several study on ecology of waders in their stopover migratory routes. Extensive study on wader's habitat used especially on their feeding ground is needed to establish a framework that channels to the conservation of waders species. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the feeding and success rates of foraging in selected species of waders at Jeram and Remis Beaches of Selangor, Malaysia. Direct observation techniques were used in this study. Kruskal-Wallis Analysis test shows that there was significant difference in feeding rates (H= 139.58, p < 0.001) and success rates between the species (H = 11.18, p = 0.011). Pairwise comparisons analysis proved that the differences of feeding rates occurred between Little heron and Lesser adjutant (z = 107.39, p < 0.0001); Little heron and Whimbrel (z =-159.31, p < 0.001); and Lesser adjutant and Common Redshank (z = 80.3, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Mann-Whitney test shows that the differences lie between Little heron and Common redshank (W = 5743, p = 0.0114) and also between Lesser adjutant and Common redshank (W = 9353, p = 0.012). Spearman correlation shows that a significant correlation was found between both feeding and success rates (R =-0.293, p < 0.001). This study concluded that the feeding rates and success rates were differed between different species of waders utilizing similar feeding ground due to the differences in foraging techniques used while foraging.

The pandemic COVID-19 that the world are facing today has led to high usage of disinfectants and routinely used in the community. However, the extensive usage of biocides for disinfection could lead to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobial resistance has become the major caused that contributes increase in morbidity and mortality rate. The wide scale use of biocides creates selective stress that will favor bacteria in expressing resistance mechanisms and their dissemination. Some biocides have the potential to create cross resistance with the antibiotics and developing co-resistance to spread the Antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this review, the author will discuss on the potential threat in the healthcare caused by the biocides that could drive the AMR to become worse.