Understanding of arithmetic students in Arabic learning is still low. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Direct Method in learning Arabic number material in Arabic understanding Arithmetic Students. The approach used is experimental research approach with Posttest-Only Control Design. The population and sample of the study were determined through the Random Sampling technique. Analysis of the data used included normality test, homogeneity test, average similarity test, completeness test, and comparative test. (1) the arithmetic understanding of students taught by the Direct Method in learning ‘Adad dan Ma’dud material can exceed the Standard of Minimum Mastery (KKM) of 76,87, (2) the arithmetic understanding of students taught by the Direct Method is 76,87 higher than from the conventional models 65,32. Then it can be concluded that the Direct Method is effective in understanding arithmetic in learning ‘Adad dan Ma’dud material. The novelty of this research is that using the Direct Method can facilitate a direct understanding of 'adad and ma'dud.This research contributes in Arabic teaching by using the Direct Method in the material 'Adad and Ma'dud to improve students' arithmetic understanding.

This study aims to determine difficulty of reading Arabic texts, determine the supporting and inhibiting factors in reading Arabic texts, and Find out the teacher's efforts in overcoming the difficulties of Eighth Grade Students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Ikhwan Topoyo, Mamuju Tengah, West Sulawesi in reading Arabic texts. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview, observation and documentation as data collectiob methode. The results of this study indicate that in reading Arabic texts, the difficulties that are often experienced by students are: 1) Linguistic difficulties which include aswat difficulties, difficulties in how to read harakat fathah, kasroh, and dommah. Students also have difficulty in vocabulary because of the lack of memorization of mufrodat, and the last is difficulty in terms of meaning. 2) Supporting factors in reading Arabic texts are if the students live in dormitories and students' interest in learning is quite high, while the inhibiting factors are teaching methods that are less varied, media or infrastructure that is not complete. 3) The efforts made by the teacher to overcome the problem are trying new breakthroughs such as alternative methods, then the teacher also tries to always motivate and encourage students to like Arabic, as well as implementing the routine of reading the Qur’an before lessons start.

To improve learning activities in the Arabic course for students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar in this pandemic period, digital teaching materials are needed. The development of the basic Arabic language in this university is important because Arabic is one the courses taught in almost every study program. The method that was used to develop this electronic module is the 4D method which consists of the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stage. The data sources in this development are divided into two parts. The first data sources relating to the development of books are taken from Arabic books while the data sources used as test subjects are 43 students of the Islamic Economics Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. The results of this development were an electronic module using Fliphtml5 as a development design template while the method of presenting material in this E-Module follows the model of the Directorate general of Islamic religious institution and open university modules in 1996. Which begins with an introduction, and contains learning activities, exercises and summeries. The percentage of the respondents reached 92% and 96% which explains to us that the material of the Arabic E-Module is easier to understand as an alternative teaching materials for this course. Then as a conclusion of the result, this E-Module can be used as teaching materials to improve Arabic learning activities.