Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is described as the collection of risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, hyperglycemia/ insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia. In developed countries, MetS is highly prevalent among adults and is an emerging health problem in developing countries. In this study, we used the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP-ATP III) to define the Mets. The aim of this research was to evaluate the prevalence of MetS, its components, and its major risk factors among adults ≥20 in Jammu and Kashmir according to IDF and the NCEP ATP III criteria. Methods: The project was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Medicine, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Katra, and Jammu and Kashmir in 100 subjects between the age groups of 20 and 80 years old attending the OPD from 2 January to 30 April 2017. Results: MetS was diagnosed in 57% and 55%, gender-wise distribution came out to be 45.6% and 52.7% in men, and in women, we found 54.3% and 47.3%, according to IDF and the NCEP ATP III definition, respectively. Conclusion: In our study, IDF criteria were better for the early diagnosis of MetS. On the basis of gender prevalence in all parameters in IDF, females are at risk, and in NCEP ATP III, males are more at risk. According to the IDF, central obesity is the only the risk for women.

Objective: Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the organs specific autoimmune disorders. The onset is much more common in women than in men. Worldwide, 2–4% of women and only 1% of men have affected and the rate increases with age. Thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies (Abs) level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease along with levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Free Tri-iodotyrosine (Free T3), and Free Thyroxin(Free T4) and it helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism. The core objective of clinical study was to evaluate prevalence of anti-TPO Abs in association to autoimmune thyroid disease in a tertiary care hospital – Punjab. Methods: A cross-sectional study of random patient (n=200 patients) at a tertiary care hospital, Mohall – Punjab was carried out. All the patients fall in the age group 12–89 years. The parameters, which were used for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease, were anti-TPO level, Free T3 level, and Free T4 level. The patients were divided in different group on the basis of their age, gender, and their clinical conditions. The level of TPO Abs, TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 was noted for each patient. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for determination of TPO Abs and other thyroid parameters. After a period of 16 weeks, subjects from different groups had great difference in their anti-TPO values in the autoimmune thyroid disease. Results: TPO Abs positive is one of the most common associated with hypothyroidism which was 36.5%, among them 20.5% suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism, whereas other remaining suffered from clinical hypothyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and other autoimmune disease. Conclusion: TPO Abs level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease, along with this the level of TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism.