No abstract

Although metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in the general population, it is unknown whether similar associations exist in patients with chronic kidney disease. We investigated risk factors that can lead to low BMD values in hemodialysis patients with MS according to the diagnostic criteria set by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in this study. A total of 64 patients with MS undergoing hemodialysis and 60 hemodialysis patients who were matched in terms of age, gender, and hemodialysis duration without MS were enrolled in the study. BMD was measured at lumbar vertebra (LV) and femur neck (FN) by performing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). LV and/or FN-BMD results revealed that, of the hemodialysis patients with MS, 45% had osteoporosis and 48% had osteopenia. On the other hand, of the hemodialysis patients without MS, 42% had osteoporosis and 52% had osteopenia. Low BMD values were observed to be correlated negatively with age, hemodialysis period, and parathormone (PTH) both in the group with MS and in the group without MS. Height, weight, BMI, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, heparin, and vitamin D therapy and urea reduction ratio were not established to be correlated with BMD.

Peritonitis is an important cause of the mortality and morbidity of peritoneal dialysis patients. The present study aims to investigate the effects of ynterferon (IFN)-a2b on intestinal flora in peritoneal fibrosis. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups. The control group received 0.9% saline (3 mIld) intraperitoneally; the chlorhexidine gluconate (Cll) group received 3 ml daily injections of 0.1% CH intraperitoneally; the CH+IFN group received 3 ml daily injections of 0.1% CH intraperitoneally and pegylated IFN-a2b 1.5 /-lg/kg per week subcutaneously on days 0, 7, 14. On the twenty-first day rats were sacrificed and visseral peritoneum samples were obtained from the liver.

Amaç: Epilepsi, dünya üzerinde yaklaşık 69 milyon kişiyi etkileyen en yaygın nörolojik hastalıklardan birisidir. Özellikle genç erişkinlerde epilepsinin sosyal ve özel hayat açısından getirdiği yük oldukça fazladır. Türkiye'nin doğusunda genç erişkin nüfus arasındaki epilepsi prevalansı ve risk faktörlerine dair yapılmış bir araştırma bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, çalışmamızda Türkiye'nin doğusundaki normal zekaya sahip genç popülasyonun temsilcileri olarak Kafkas Üniversitesi öğrencilerinde epilepsi prevalansı ve risk faktörlerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem:Çalışmamızın örneklem grubunun sayısı en az 1135 öğrenci olarak hesaplandı. Dağıtılmış olan 2000 anketten 1829'u istatiksel analiz için kullanıldı. 43 muhtemel epilepsi olgusu ileri incelemeler için hastanemize davet edildiler. Sonuç olarak, yedi katılımcıya aktif epilepsi tanısı konuldu. Bulgular: 30 Aralık 2010 tarihi itibarıyla aktif epilepsinin nokta prevalansı 3.8/1000 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Epilepsi gelişiminde, febril nöbet öyküsü ve kafa travması istatistiksel olarak anlamlı risk faktörleri olarak saptanırken; cinsiyet, aile öyküsü, maddi gelir düzeyi, prematürite, doğum şekli ve akrabalık evliliği, epilepsi için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı risk faktörleri değildi.Sonuç: Türkiye'nin doğusundaki genç erişkin nüfusta epilepsi prevalans değerlerinin gelişmiş ülkelerdeki ile karşılaştırılabilir düzeyde olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. SummaryObjectives: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases and involves about 69 million patients worldwide. Especially in young adults, the social and private burden of epilepsy is high. The young adult population of Eastern Turkey has not been investigated with respect to the prevalence and risk factors of epilepsy. For these reasons we aimed to investigate the prevalence and some risk factors of active epilepsy in Kafkas University students as representatives the young adults of Eastern Turkey with normal intelligence. Methods:The sample size for our study of consisted of a minimum of 1135 students. A total of 2000 questionnaires were distributed among the students and 1829 were accepted for statistical analysis. 43 students were identified as possibly having epilepsy and invited for further investigation. As a result, 7 participants were determined to have active epilepsy. Results:The point prevalence of active defined epilepsy on December 30, 2010 was estimated to be 3.8/1000 for both sexes. The statistical analysis identified a history of febrile seizures and head trauma to be significant as risk factors for the development of epilepsy, while gender, family history of epilepsy, financial status, history of prematurity, cesarean or vaginal birth and parental consanguinity were not significant risk factors for epilepsy. Conclusion:We can conclude that the prevalence of epilepsy in young adults in the eastern region of Turkey is comparable to those in developed countries.