Background: This study was performed for examining the neonatal results and aetiological factors of neonates with hydrops fetalis (HF) and determining the factors affecting mortality. Methods:The medical records of liveborn neonates with HF who were admitted to a tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Konya, Turkey, between 2013 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic data, prenatal intervention, clinical findings, and results of the patients were recorded.Results: A total of 32.6% of the 46 liveborn HF infants had immune HF (IHF), while 67.4% had nonimmune HF (NIHF); there was prenatal diagnoses in 39 (84.7%) cases. Cordocentesis and blood transfusion (n = 14; 30.4%) were the prenatal diagnosis and treatment interventions with the highest rate. A total of 16 patients (34.7%) received in utero interventional treatment. It was determined that the mean gestational age was not associated with mortality; moreover, birthweight (BW), Apgar score and the need for mechanical ventilation affected mortality. Conclusion: The prognosis changes according to different etiologies of HF. However, despite the developments in neonatal care, mortality is still high in HF infants. K E Y W O R D S etiology, hydrops fetalis, neonatal outcome, newborn, survival

Background The aim of the present study was to determine the possible relationship between cultured microorganisms and hearing loss in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who could not pass a standard hearing test. Method The medical records of infants treated at the NICU were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were first divided into two groups, and group 1 was divided into two subgroups: Group 1 included patients with hearing loss accompanied by proven sepsis caused by either gram‐negative (group 1A) or gram‐positive (group 1B) bacteria, and group 2 included patients with clinical sepsis. The groups were compared with potential risk factors related to hearing loss. Results Between January 2014 and January 2019, the cases of 3,800 infants admitted to the NICU were reviewed. Of 3,548 living babies, the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test showed that 35 infants (0.98%) were diagnosed with hearing loss. In 12 infants with hearing loss, microbial growth in the blood cultures was detected, whereas in the remaining 23, the blood cultures were negative. Of the cases with microbial growth, five were gram negative and seven were gram positive. In the comparison of groups 1A, 1B, and 2, there were statistically significant differences in terms of risk factors such as low birth weight (p = .048), neonatal hospitalization time (p = .001), free oxygen support (p = .001), intraventricular bleeding (p = .001), loop diuretic use (p = .001), and blood transfusion (p = .048). Conclusion The relationship between hearing loss and microorganisms causing sepsis could not be determined in this research.

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Aim: To evaluate the underlying causes and outcomes of newborns undergoing acute peritoneal dialysis. Method: This retrospective analysis included 30 newborn infants who underwent acute peritoneal dialysis in the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2015 and December 2017. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and microbiological data were obtained from hospital records. Results: Most patients with acute peritoneal dialysis had acute renal failure (n=21, 70%) and sepsis-resistant metabolic acidosis (n=5, 16.7%). Other causes of acute renal failure include renal agenesis (n=2, 9.5%), perinatal asphyxia (n=4, 19%), multicystic dysplastic kidney (n=3, 13.3%) and congenital heart disease (n=4, 19%) was. The mean duration of dialysis was 7.8±9.3 days. The most common complications were catheter occlusion (n=8; 34.8%) and leakage from the catheter inlet (n=5, 21.7%). Mortality rate was 70%; Eight patients (38%) died due to underlying diseases during acute peritoneal dialysis. Three patients (33.3%) showed complete remission during the follow-up of 9 surviving patients, but the remaining 6 patients continued to have clinical findings for chronic renal failure and underlying metabolic diseases. Conclusion: acute peritoneal dialysis is frequently used in neonatal intensive care units. Although life-threatening complications such as peritonitis are common, this complications are relatively less common. Early recognition of the need for acute peritoneal dialysis and initiation of early acute peritoneal dialysis may contribute to a reduction in mortality in these patients.