Atypical antipsychotics (AA)-induced weight gain is associated with increased leptin levels. AA have been increasingly used in the treatment of bipolar disorders. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between serum leptin and lipid profiles considering the drug treatments in euthymic bipolar outpatients. Leptin and lipid profiles were compared, and no differences were noted in leptin, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels among the patients and controls. Glucose, very-low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels in patients were higher than in controls, while high-density lipoprotein levels were low. Patients were divided into three groups according to their type of drug usage: AA users, AA + mood stabilizer users, and mood stabilizer users. Each group of patients was compared with a healthy control group for mentioned biochemical parameters. Lipid profiles were disordered by using both AA and mood stabilizers, but higher leptin levels are associated with AA usage. However, leptin does not seem to be responsible for dyslipidemia caused by AA or mood stabilizers in euthymic bipolar patients.

BackgroundThis experiment was performed to compare the effects of Phenytoin (PHT) and Hypericin (HP) cream on healing of burn wounds in rats.Material/MethodsTwenty rats were divided into 3 groups and second-degree burn wounds were created. The burn wounds in the first, second, and third groups were covered twice daily with PHT cream, HP cream, and saline (control), respectively. At the end of days 3, 7, 14, and 21, full-thickness skin biopsies were done for histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses.ResultsHistopathologic evaluations at the 14th day showed that re-epithelialization scores were greater in the HP group than the PHT group, but on day 21, re-epithelialization scores were higher in the PHT group than the HP group. Collagen content on days 3 and 14 in the PHT group was found to be higher than in the HP group. Well-vascularized granulation tissue on day 7 in the PHT group was higher than in other groups. HP and PHT groups had a significant increase in VEGF and TGF-β expression in burn wound healing area compared to the control group on all days.ConclusionsTopical application of HP can promote re-epithelialization in burn wounds to shorten the wound healing time for superficial burns. Phenytoin, on the other hand, contributes to healing by increasing vascularized granulation tissue and collagen synthesis through re-epithelialization. The increased VEGF and TGF-β expression following PHT and HP treatment strongly indicate that PHT and HP treatment promotes VEGF and TGF-β production and action in the burn wound area.

In bladder UCC, RBX-1 overexpression is associated with high tumor grade and advanced stage and represents biological potential of invasiveness and aggressive disease. Results of the present study have to be supported with further studies to reveal clinical and therapeutic implications of RBX-1 overexpression in bladder UCC.

Our aim is to investigate the effects of two atypical antipsychotics; quetiapine and olanzapine on locomotor activity that is a sign of ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were subjects. Ethanol (7.2%, v/v) was given to rats by a liquid diet for 30 days. Control rats were pair fed an isocaloric liquid diet containing sucrose as a caloric substitute to ethanol. Quetiapine (10 mg/kg), olanzapine (5 mg/kg) and saline were injected to the rats intraperitoneally 7 days after ethanol withdrawal syndrome and the last one 30 min before ethanol withdrawal testing. After 2nd hour of ethanol withdrawal, rats were observed for 5 min and withdrawal signs that included locomotor hyperactivity were recorded. We have found increased vertical and horizontal locomotor activity in ethanol withdrawal group to control and reduced vertical and horizontal locomotor activity in quetiapine-injected rats. In olanzapine injected rats were seen no reduced locomotor activity. Significant inhibitory effects were produced by quetiapine on the signs of ethanol withdrawal. Our results suggest that acute quetiapine treatment has some beneficial efects on ethanol withdrawal in rats. Thus, this drug may be useful for treatment of ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome, previously referred to as testicular feminization syndrome, is an X-linked recessive disorder that is characterized by a mutation in the q11-q12 region of the X chromosome, which results in a deformed androgen receptor gene. Patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome may develop testicular tumors, especially seminomas after puberty. A 35-year-old female patient presented with the complaint of primary amenorrhea and had masses of approximately 4 cm size palpated in the bilateral inguinal regions. The masses were excised and the histopathological examination was reported as bilateral Sertoli cell adenoma. Although the risk of bilateral gonadal tumor development is low in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome, such malignancies should not be disregarded.Keywords: Sertoli cell adenoma, androgen insensitivity syndrome. ÖzÖnceden testiküler feminizasyon sendromu olarak isimlendirilen androjen duyarsızlık sendromu androjen reseptör gen üzerinde lokalize X kromozomundaki q11-q12 mutasyonunun bulunduğu, X'e bağlı geçiş gösteren resesif bir hastalıktır. Androjen duyarsızlık sendromlu hastalarda puberteden sonra testiküler tümörler, özellikle de seminom gelişebilmektedir. Primer amenore şikayeti ile başvuran 35 yaşındaki hastamızın bilateral inguinal bölgede palpasyonla ele gelen yaklaşık 4 cm'lik kitlenin, eksizyon sonucu histopatolojik değerlendirilmesinde bilateral Sertoli hücreli adenom olarak rapor edilmiştir. Androjen duyarsızlık sendromlu hastalarda bilateral gonadal tümör gelişim riski düşük olsa da bu tür malignitelerin de görülebileceği göz ardı edilmemelidir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Sertoli hücreli adenom, androjen duyarsızlık sendromu.