This paper discussed the study of English and Indonesian word construction based on grammatical errors. Grammatical errors were analyzed by error analysis. The purpose of this paper wanted to know the kinds of grammatical errors and the factors caused it. The qualitative approach was used in this research as the methodology because this study described the data without analysis statistic. The qualitative descriptive revealed the phenomena of linguistic which found in the translation text. In data collection, the researcher used text translation, Indonesian-English that had translated by the fourth semester of student’s English Department. Moreover, the researcher read deeply and grouped and noted the data to find the valid data. The result of this paper were 11 kinds of grammatical errors, they are: misuse of determiner, omission of determiner, misuse of verb, misuse of auxiliary verb, omission of verb, misuse of preposition, misuse of conjunction, misuse of pronoun, omission of pronoun, misuse of singular noun, and misuse of Noun Phrase (NP). In addition to, this study found the factors of the grammatical errors, they are; first, interference of the first language, namely Indonesian. Second, the difference between Indonesian and English structure was also the factor of the grammatical errors.

Climate change is one of the hottest topics lately. Global emissions are reaching record levels and showing no sign of peaking. Antonio Guterres UN Secretary-General invited all leaders to join Climate Action Summit in New York, 23rd September 2019. This summit also featured the participation of business leaders, indigenous people, youth, and many others. The star of the showed Greta Thunberg a Swedish teen activist who sailed to New York for the event from Sweden on a zero-emissions sailboat. This research aimed to reveal how presupposition and entailment were used in the speech and how they were contributing to the context of the speech. The research used a descriptive qualitative method for analyzing her speech which involved document and material analysis to collect the data. The results showed that this research found out that the most commonly used presupposition is existential presupposition. The function is to emphasize, to draw attention and sympathy toward the listeners. While the most used entailment is one-way entailment. This type of entailment is commonly used to deliver the ideas through the utterance by adding some more details of the main idea. Existential presupposition and one-way entailment led to the referential function of language which aimed to send information or the speaker's idea to the audience. It can be concluded that the presuppositions of the speech must be entailed by the global context, which means the global context or common ground knowledge entails that presupposition. In a word, both presupposition and entailment hence become a strategy to make the audience become more focused in the context of the speech. Keywords: Presupposition, Entailment, Speech

Mathematical literacy and ethnomathematics have an important relationship in the idea of ​​knowing the role of mathematics in everyday life. Mathematical literacy is an important component that a person has in mathematics that focuses on mathematical competence and social life, while ethnomathematics is a component of mathematics that focuses on habits developed in cultural groups of society. The object of this research focuses on the culture of Mojokerto which includes Bejijong batik, Ujung Art, and Bo Liem dumplings. The purpose of this research is to describe the study of mathematical literacy found in ethnomathematical studies in terms of content, context, and mathematical process aspects. This research is a type of qualitative research using an ethnographic approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and data recording. Are research instrument used is the researcher himself (human instrument) as the main instrument and observation sheets and interview guidelines as supporting instruments. Are data analysis technique used isdomain analysis, taxonomic analysis, and cultural themes. The results of research on Mojokerto culture based on ethnomathematical studies found the application of geometric transformations, concepts of flat and geometric shapes, concepts of number patterns, concepts of probability of events, and mathematical concepts in counting and measuring activities. Based on an ethnomathematical study of the activities of the three cultural systems in Mojokerto, it fulfills the aspects of mathematical literacy so that it can implement ethnomathematical-based mathematical literacy questions that can be used to support the learning process, namely in the form of the output of the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) Numerical Level 4 Grade 8.