A well-designed energy efficient building provide long term building optimisation while minimising the energy. Site planning and orientation of the building plays an important factor at the early stage of any development. Especially to determine the best location for the building opening and windows and also the suitable materials to enhance comfort to the occupants and reduce the energy consumption. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the site planning and orientation of the selected office building. The benchmark for the analysis will be based on the architectural and passive design component provided in MS 1525:2007 for the site planning and orientation through comparative analysis. Three energy efficient office building in Kuala Lumpur were selected in this research. This case study is important in helping to understand the relationship between site planning, building orientation, energy efficiency and cost effectiveness.

UniCITI Alam is a mixed development of commercial buildings and medium rise apartments. The whole development was designed based on the integration of student residential community with the combined commercial centre and temporary campus. The lecture rooms are located at the second floor of the triple-storey shop house. To improve the indoor environmental quality and comfortability of the teaching and learning activities, physical measurements of the indoor environment parameters (air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration) and light intensity are the main methods applied in the presented case study. Data collected will be compared with Malaysian Standard MS 1525: 2007 (Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable for Non Residential Building) and DOSH. The finding will be used for improving the environmental quality of the lecture rooms and enhancing the ecology circle.

Fiber is one of the famous waste material in this country and fibre also can be used in order to increase the mechanical properties of concrete. Mechanical properties of concrete will be testing such compression strength and splitting tensile strength. Concrete has low tensile strength due to the brittleness properties. The coconut coir fibre processed by using the fabricated. Then the coconut coir fibre will be a sink in sodium hydroxide for 1 week and in pure water for 2 weeks at room temperature. The authorities that are already going through under treatment gave coconut coir fibre and it had been cut into a size of 25mm to 30mm. Three different ratios used in this research, which is 3%, 4% and 5% of coconut coir fibre as an additive to the concrete. There will be two types of specimens, which are cube size of 100mm x 100mm and cylinder 100mm diameter with 200mm length. All the samples cured in a water tank for 7 and 28days. The rate that had been using for this compression strength and splitting tensile strength follow the British Standard (BS 1881-116:1983). This research outcome is the addition of coconut coir fibre with concrete to increase the compression strength of the cube sample but it has lower strength than normal concrete. Meanwhile, for the splitting tensile strength of this reinforced concrete with coconut coir fibre as an additive has higher strength than normal concrete. The result proved that the addition of fibre will increase the mechanical properties of concrete but at the same time, it will decrease the workability of concrete.

Refer to the Malaysian Standard code of practice on Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable Energy for Nonresidential Building (MS1525:2007), it was stated in the guideline for natural ventilation as said; "Natural ventilation is the use of fresh air of sufficient volume and air change to ventilate enclosed spaces without active temperature controls or mechanical means. Fresh air is required in buildings to alleviate odours and improved indoor environmental quality. Provisions for naturally ventilated lobby areas, corridors, lift cores, staircases should be encouraged. This could aid compliance with the requirements from the fire authorities for smoke venting of the spaces in the event of the fire. In some of these cases, spill air from adjacent spaces is sufficient for air change to ventilate the space and provide thermal comfort with reducing energy. Natural ventilation strategies rely on the movement of air through space to equalise pressure. One of its purposes is to encourage the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of new and existing buildings in a manner that reduces the use of energy without constraining creativity in design, building function and the comfort and the occupants, and appropriately dealing with cost consideration (MS1525, 2007). 2. Literature Review Ventilation has defined as the exchange of air [1]. To create a comfortable environment inside the office building, there is a need to provide good ventilation. Without the exchange of air, both the temperature and the humidity of room will increase above the outdoor value, due to the heat and moisture output of human bodies and of the various human Abstract: Natural ventilation is one of the criteria of passive design strategies to reduce the usage of active ventilation especially an airconditioning system which will involve a hugeamount of operation cost. The aim of this study was to identify and analyse the criteria of natural ventilation in the selected office buildings. The analysis had been made based on the architectural and passive design component provided in MS 1525:2007 for the office building. This case study is important in helping to understand the relationship between natural ventilation, energy efficiency and cost effectiveness.

Solar PV has been used extensively in the construction industry as non-renewable energy is not environmentally friendly and is costly. Building Information Modelling (BIM) can incorporate the solar energy application to reduce the dependency of non-renewable energy. This study attempted to propose a model of solar analysis using BIM software on existing buildings at Padang Besar, in terms of best orientation and optimum tilt angle. The finding of July 2017 shows that the ideal orientation of solar panel installation for the building is tilted 10° North and 20° West. Analysis indicated that the higher solar irradiance harvested contributed towards higher generation of power. The use of BIM software incorporating fieldwork data proved to be more convenient compared to the conventional physical method in proposing options for solar panel installation. The finding from the solar analysis of the proposed model indicates that solar insolation exposure on the roof increased by 1.45% compared to the existing roof design. Therefore, it can increase the renewable energy potential in an effective way.