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Background: Six-minute walking test (6-MWT) is one of the submaximal exercise testing that is commonly used. The 6-MWT has limited use in the condition of individuals with limited limbs. Therefore, a six-minute arm ergometer test (6-MAT) submaximal exercise testing was developed. The presence of 6-MAT for assessing VO2max prediction is still relatively small.Aim: To compare the predicted VO2max of 6-MWT and 6-MAT, and to see if there are differences in each predicted VO2max value.Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a consecutive sampling, involving 31 untrained healthy young adult males, aged 26-40 years old. Each subject underwent two exercise testing 6-MWT and 6-MAT, which were carried out on different days with a minimum washout period of 24 hours. VO2max prediction value was evaluated for each exercise testing on each subject.Results: There are significant differences between the predicted VO2max values of 6-MWT and 6- MAT (p = 0.00). The mean VO2max prediction values of 6-MAT is higher than 6-MWT with 2288.43 mL.min-1 and 1573.72 mL.min-1, respectively.Conclusion: The 6-MAT could be used for assessing VO2max prediction of individuals, although, there is a difference value between the predicted VO2max of the 6-MWT and 6-MAT submaximal exercise testing, with the VO2max value of the 6-MAT higher than the 6-MWT submaximal exercise testing.

Background: Objective: The aim of this case report was to evaluate interferential current (IFC) therapy as adjuvant in treating constipation and abnormal pelvic floor muscle activity in cerebral palsy (CP) children. Study design: Nine CP children aged between 4,5 to 13 years old who had constipation according to ROME IV criteria received pre post test examination. At the baseline we collected data regarding the Pediatric Incontinence and Constipation Score (PICS), Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL), and pelvic floor muscle activity at rest and during contraction. They received standard lactulose therapy and IFC therapy with a frequency of 4000-4100 Hz, duration 20 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. A week after the last IFC series, the parameters were re-evaluated to assess outcomes. Data were analyzed with SPSS v20.0. Results: PICS for constipation improved (P= 0,005), PedsQL improved at pain parameter (p = 0,008), and the pelvic floor muscle activity reduced significantly at rest (P= 0,036) in CP with constipation after received additional IFC therapy.

Abstract. The aim of this study is to synthesize hybrid composite rice husk ash (RHA)-geopolymer as materials for bricks bearing buildings application. Class-C fly ash was used as raw material and rice husk ash (RHA) taken directly from the field, washed and dried at 100 o C for 4 hours. Geopolymers were synthesized through alkali activation method at 60°C for 1 hour with its molar oxide ration of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 3.0, Na 2 O/SiO 2 = 0.2, and H 2 O/Na 2 O = 10. There were three series of samples produced by mixing fly ash with addition of 5%, 10% and 15% RHA (relative to the mass of fly ash). The samples were tested after 7 days. The highest compressive strength were 26 MPa which is reached by samples containing 10% RHA. The fire resistance measurement showed that the addition of RHA improved fire retardancy of geopolymers. The samples were immersed in 1 M H 2 SO 4 solution for 4 days for acid resistance examination. The X-Ray Diffraction was performed to examine the chemical compositions of the samples before and after the test took place. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was performed to examine the morphology of these samples surfaces. The addition of 10% RHA in geopolymer showed its excellent properties in terms of mechanical strength, thermal properties, and acid resistance. The study suggests that hybrid composite RHA-geopolymer and can be developed as bricks bearing buildings.