Discipline is a major component in school for the promotion of quality education and responsible citizen for society. The major purpose of the study was to explored intrinsic or extrinsic discipline in schools at secondary level; to compare the results by locality, gender and grade wise. The province of Punjab was divided into three (north, central, southern) zones. Sample was selected from 2304 schools by equal ratio from each zone. Self-constructed instrument on five point likert scale having 50 items was used to collect data from schools. Instrument sent to eight research experts for validation, then the instrument considered final for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistic used for data analysis. The study concluded that discipline practiced at public secondary schools was intrinsic in nature and the condition of discipline in schools was satisfactory. Significant difference observed in boys and girls students’ opinions; female schools were more disciplined as compared to male. The results reveal significant difference in rural and urban students’ opinions; rural schools were more disciplined as compared to urban. There was also significant difference in the opinions of 9th and 10th grade respondents, 10th grade was more disciplined as compared to 9th grade

This research study was designed to investigate the impact of religion on students' performance: a study among Muslim students. The population of the study was secondary school students in District Bahawalpur. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample. Total of 480 secondary school students were included in the study. Researchers adopted Comprehensive Measure of Islamic Religion (CMIR) to measure the Islamic religion of Muslim students. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure the student's performance at the secondary level. Religion was further divided into two subscales. 1. Religious belief and 2. Religious practice. The Signi􀅫icant 􀅫indings of this study were: Students strongly believe in their religion and follow their religious rules. They avoid sin and do well. It was also observed that they prayed to GOD for help and ideal students maintain a balance between curriculum and co-curriculum activities. This research will open avenue for scholars and as well practioners from the religious point of view.

Vacations affect students’ level of retention and their academic performance since students unwillingly bother to actively remain in touch with academic activities during vacations. This study aims to examine the impact of summer vacations on ESL learners’ retention in reading comprehension. Specifically, it investigated whether summer vacations affect ESL learners’ retention level in reading comprehension. A sample of 240 ESL learners of secondary schools from Southern Punjab, Pakistan was selected through convenient sampling method. Both males and females were addressed in the study. A comprehension test was designed in line with the revised Barrett’s taxonomy of reading comprehension based on the contents of the English textbook taught to secondary school grade X students. SPSS version 22 was employed to analyze the quantitative data. The analysis indicates that there was an impact of summer vacations on learners’ retention in reading comprehension. It also reveals that the learners acquired better scores in pre-test that was conducted before starting summer vacations as compared to the scores of post-test, which was given after summer vacations. A two-sample t-test reveals a significance difference between the performance of urban and rural learners and the learners studying in public and private schools as well. A significant gender difference was also found between the scores of pre-test and post-test. Based on the findings of the study, some implications and recommendations were furnished for ESL learners to improve their academic performance in reading comprehension by utilizing summer vacations effectively.

The study was designed to analyze the teachers’ strategies for motivating students in classroom. The objectives of the study were; to find out the techniques of motivation for students learning achievement; to explore the students’ views about motivation; to evaluate the students’ views regarding teachers’ teaching style; to find out gender wise significance difference. The study was design for Bahawal Nagar district, so Bahawal Nagar were the population of the study. Stratified sampling technique was used to select sample. One hundred and thirty two (132) students were selected from selected schools in which 66 schools were male and 66 female. Self-constructed instrument on 4 point Likert scale was used to collect data. The major findings of the study were teachers motivate the students at primary level by adopting different techniques and strategies. The teachers’ behaviour, personality, teaching methodology and school environment are also factors affecting the students’ learning process. Immediate appreciation, rewards, punishment, reinforcement and encouragement play a vital role for motivating the students. It was also found that female teachers were used more motivational strategies to motivate the students in classroom as compared to male teachers.

The former primers being employed in various literacy centers were evaluated on the basis of contents and literacy objectives. Current study being descriptive in nature comprised self-developed questionnaire. The responses obtained from the questionnaire were fed in Microsoft excel programmes. Questionnaire using five-point Likert scale, having close ended responses were developed by researcher through consulting related researches, by making basis the literature review. After determining validity and reliability of research tool, the researcher personally visited and administered questionnaire from the selected respondents. To analyze the data, the statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) was utilized by using formulas. The results that were attained were stated in the form of tables and figures. The conclusions and interpretations drawn from these results were also stated. Major findings of the study were the students' responses and teachers feel that the existing primer is pleasing.