Electricity powers the economic system. Households need stable electricity since many tasks require it1. Pakistan had frequent power outages for decades. The monopolistic supplier used cyclical load shedding over many hours a day in much of the country to avoid unplanned blackouts and meet power demand due to power production losses. Load shedding occurs when power demand exceeds the supply2. Pakistan's major power resource for heating, cooking, and lighting is electricity, although load shedding's economic impacts are mostly highlighted due to the country's difficult economic circumstances. Health effects and expenses are poorly documented. This is concerning because hospital reports relate blackouts to health effects, such as excessive stress on already overburdened personnel after procedures2. For individuals who try to deal with electricity, unannounced load shedding is worse. Protesters block highways over power cuts. The police have confirmed lots of crime in big cities. Power interruptions disrupt industrial consumers' regular operations. Power failures shuttered tube wells and water pumps, affecting water supply and mills.3 Electrical network breakdowns raise hospitalizations, health problems, and death, while natural calamities and severe weather events which were followed by power outages, damaged the population's overall well-being by increasing emergency admissions4.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is clinical threat to healthy individuals around the world. Risk of disease and related complications are high among immunocompromised individuals and those with pre-existing chronic diseases. Aim: To assess the fear of Covid-19 among patients having chronic diseases and to determine its relationship with preventive practices among them. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Community Medicine, HITEC Hospital Taxila from 1st September2020 to 31st March 2021. Methodology: Three hundred and seventeen patients having chronic diseases were included. Fear of Covid-19 scale used to assess the fear level and questions related to preventive practices. Results: Fear of Covid-19 was high among females, hypertensive, diabetics and those having cardiovascular disease. Fear was found among 133 (42%) participants. Regarding Covid-19 preventive practices, 8(2.5%) had unsatisfactory, 115 (36.3%) had satisfactory and 194(61.2%) had good preventive practices. Covid precautions were significantly practiced among those having fear. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between mean Covid fear and practices scores (r=.30, p=.001) Conclusion: Fear of Covid is a recognized risk factor for anxiety and depression among people. However, fear is found to promote risk perception and health related preventive behaviors among chronic patients that can positively ensure safety, decrease the risk of infection and serious complications among chronic patients. Keywords: SARS-CoV-19, Fear for Covid-19, Preventive Practices, Chronic diseases.

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ABSTRACT… Objectives:To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome in pregnant patients with preeclampsia as compared to normal pregnancies. Setting: Gynae and Obstetrics Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: Six months, from 29 march 2015 to 29 September 2015. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional Study. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty antenatal and laboring women were included in this study in which sixty were preeclamptic women (case) and 60 normal women taken as control Groups. A Predesigned questionnaire was used to record anthropometric measurements, relevant history and clinical examination. Blood specimen was taken for analysis. Results: Rate of metabolic syndrome was four times (approximate of 3.4) more likely in preeclamptic groups as compare to normal women (control) [OR=3.5; 95%CI: 1.56 to 7.87]. Conclusion: In this study prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in preeclamptic pregnant women as compare to normal. These cases have high risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in later life. Interventions could be done to prevent these complications.