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In this work a surface tensiometric method was used to study the effect of the chain length of non-ionic surfactants, viz. ethoxylated sorbitan esters, on micellar composition, critical micellar concentration, mutual interaction parameter (b 12 ), and activity coefficients of the mixed micelles formed with the cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride at 25°C. The micellar characteristics evaluated using the Clint, Rubingh, and Blankschtein models deviated significantly from ideality, and were used to ascertain the validity of these theories. Thermodynamic stability in terms of Maeda's approach and interfacial properties is also discussed.

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Abstract:Homocoupling of terminal alkynes to 1, 3-diynes has been investigated, using AuCl 3 as catalyst under mild and operationally simple conditions. Effect of different organic and inorganic bases on the product yield and the reaction time were also studied. The catalyst is efficient, furnishes good to excellent yield of the desired products with organic bases and Sodium acetate was found to be the most effective base under solvent free conditions at room temperature.