One of the most significant tubers grown in Africa, cassava provides around one-third of the daily calories consumed. It has several nutritional advantages and is often ingested after peeling, washing, boiling, or drying. The objective of this study was to ascertain the mineral and proximate content of cassava peels from 3 sweet varieties. The analysis was carried out using accepted methods. The outcome revealed that TMS/98/0581 has 2.84% protein content. TME/98/419 with 4.33% and TMS/98/30572 with 2.41%. The carbohydrate content showed that TMS/98/0581 has the lowest parameter with 72.20% while TMS/98/30572 has the highest with 75.82% followed by TME/98/419 with 75.20%. Also, the DM (Dry Matter) of TME/98/419 has the highest yielding with 87.51% followed by TMS/98/30572 with 86.95% while TMS/98/0581 has the lowest DM of 85.97%. The fat content of TME/98/419 yielded highest parameter of 1.09% followed by TMS/98/0581 with 0.46% and the least was TMS/98/30572 with 0.40%. The fiber content of TMS/98/0581 cultivar produced the least content with 5.44% followed by TMS/98/30572 with 6.13% and the highest been TME/98/419 with 6.62%. The peel further contained certain amount of minerals. The peel of cultivar TME/98/419 contained 19.81mg/100g which is the highest while TMS/98/30572 has the lowest with 13.74mg/100g followed by TMS/98/0581 16.23mg/100g. Zinc content of TME /98/419 yielded the highest parameter of 6.72mg/100g followed by TMS/98/30572 for 5.65mg/100g and the least is TMS/98/0581 with 5.36mg/100g. Furthermore, the magnesium content of TMS/98/0581 had the highest value of 14.81mg/100g followed by TME/98/419 with 14.40mg/100g and the least TMS/98/30572 with 12.80mg/100g. The result therefore showed that cassava peels could serve as supplementary source of essential nutrients for animal feeds with healthy benefits than its disposal.

In order to suggest the most effective management strategies, an analysis of the fungal flora in the soil next to the biology laboratory at the COOU Uli campus was conducted. By plating washings from skin surfaces and liquid taken from soil samples in test tubes containing sabourd dextrose agar (SDA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA), which had been mixed with streptomycin sulphate to prevent bacterial growth, fungi were isolated, characterised, and identified. 48 hours were spent incubating the inoculated tubes at 28 2°C. The genera of the isolated fungus include Aspergillus (40%), Mucor (30%), Fusarium (10%), Penicillium (10%), and Geotrichum (10%), with Aspergillus accounting for the majority of their occurrences. This study revealed that the two common genera of fungi were Aspergillus and Mucor, and that the number of colony forming units of the two genera in the soil studied exceeded the tolerance limits in foodstuffs specified by the International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF). As a result, it is advised that proper precaution should be taken when interacting with soil samples from the study areas.

Investigated in vitro were the phytochemical and antifungal properties of bean leaf and root against certain pathogenic fungi isolated from spoiled vegetables marketed in Anambra metropolises. By combining 100g, 100ml of sterile distilled water, and ethanol with each plant part, two (2) distinct extract concentrations were produced from each plant component. The plants were subjected to phytochemical screening using several conventional techniques, which identified the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phytate, oxalate, and phenol in all of the plants but at various amounts. The effects of common antibiotics (Fluconazole 30 g/ml) were compared to those of plant extracts. According to a pathogenicity test, good vegetables rot was caused by Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Penicillium sp, Rhizopus sp, and Mucor spp. The ethanol extract from beans root turned out to be more effective. The extraction solvent, extract concentration, and test pathogens all had an impact on the extract's effectiveness. When extract concentration rose, the amount of fungal growth inhibition also rose. All of the test fungi's mycelia development was effectively/highly inhibited by beans root, although water extracts exhibited a lower degree of inhibition. Farmers should utilise bean root ethanolic extracts instead of synthetic or commercial fungicides due to their fungitoxic potential against vegetable storage fungi.

The well-known vegetable Telfairia occidentalis, sometimes known as the fluted pumpkin leaf, is utilized throughout Nigeria. In Igbo, it is typically referred to as Ugu. The objective of this study was to ascertain the biochemical (phytochemical) makeup of Telfairia occidentalis, a popular vegetable in Nigeria. The study made use of fluted pumpkin leaf extract that was treated differently by soaking in ethanol and water. Alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, steroids, and phenol compounds were all present in the ethanolic extract at the conclusion of the research, but terpenoids were not, making seven out of the eight phytochemicals present.  Alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, and phenol compounds were all present in the water extract, while saponin, tannin, and terpenoids were not. This made five out of the eight phytochemicals present. According to quantitative analysis, the flavonoid concentration in the fluted pumpkin leaf was the highest (11.83 mg/100 g), followed by steroid (11.67 mg/100 g), saponin (4.58 mg/100 g), alkaloid (3.63 mg/100 g), terpenoids (3.56 mg/100 g), and phenol (3.50 mg/100 g), while tannin had the lowest value (0.51 mg/100 g).

A study on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections was carried out among Internally Displaced Persons and the host community in Mubi North Local Government Area of Adamawa State. 400 stool samples were collected from three communities namely, Barama,Yelwa and Wuro Hande. The Stool samples was processed using formol ether concentration technique and examined under microscope for the cyst of parasites with the aid of identification manual..121 were infected with a Prevalence rate of (30.3%). Eight Parasites species were encountered namely, Ascaris lumbricoides(36.1%), Schistosoma mansoni (22.5%), Ancylostoma duodenale (12.6%), Entamoeba histolytica (5.3%), Hymenolepis nana (2.6%), Enterobius vermicularis (3.0%), Entamoeba coli (6.0%) and Giardia lamblia (7.0%.). Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent parasite while Hymenolepis nana was the least encountered. Internally Displaced Persons were more infected (34.5%) compared to the host community (26.0%), though statistically not significant P>0.05. Males were more infected among the IDPs (41.1%) than females 29.1%, while females (27.2%) were more infected than males (24.4%) in the host communities.. The study showed that infection was wide spread within the communities irrespective of settlement status. This could be attributed to poor personal hygiene, and indiscriminate dumping of waste, coupled with  the challenges of  portable water supply. There is the need for improvement in the availability of portable water supply and proper waste management in mubi and environs.