Waste management has been one of the major problems in Indonesia. Besides the inadequate waste management system, it is also due to the lack of awareness about waste disposal that leads to littering. Littering does not only occur in low educated community, but also occurs in educational institutes. This research aims to investigate the association of the presence of gakko soji in school curriculum to the development of anti-littering attitude. The study is conducted by measuring the environmental efficacy as one of the psychological determinants of littering attitude. The result shows that the average score of environmental efficacy is higher among Indonesian students than Japanese students, but both average scores are still in the same category. Another finding is that the score variation is lower with the students who have experienced gakko soji. The result indicates the presence of probability that gakko soji provides uniform environmental education to students.