Introduction. According to the main legal acts of the Russian Federation that regulate the procedure of inspection and monitoring of buildings and structures, the technical statement should include the results obtained during the studies and calculations of possible temporal variations. However, these results are virtually absent in the monitoring technical documentation presented today. In the case of brickwork, this is primarily due to the lack of reliable methods for durability surveys. For example, the formation of salts in the brick material can affect its durability. Such reactions are considered as the side reactions of the second type, i.e., reactions caused by external effects.Aim. To develop an engineering technique for assessing the durability of a brick material on the basis of a mathematical model.Materials and methods. The article presents the results obtained in a survey of a free-standing brick building, as part of the “GES-2” Moscow multifunctional complex built in 1906, using the developed techniques. The process of brick material destruction is considered according to the laws of physical chemistry and described by a multi-stage process.Results. The developed technique for assessing the durability of building ceramics can be additionally used to assess the residual durability of a historical building brick material.Conclusion. During the durability assessment of building walls made of ceramic masonry materials, it is necessary to take into account not only the frost resistance, but also the chemical destruction of materials. It is proposed to supplement the masonry inspection technique outlined in GOST 31937-2011 with the following items: sampling rules for the subsequent determination of the moisture content in structural materials with a statement of the requirements for equipment; sampling rules for the subsequent determination of the material residual durability, including the technique for calculating residual durability.

Introduction. The paper investigates the stress-strain state of masonry walls made of large ceramic stones with dry vertical tongue and groove joints.Aim: to study the distribution of vertical stresses in masonry of large ceramic stones with vertical tongue and groove joints not filled with mortar.Materials and methods. The study was performed on the model of the wall section. Numerical study of the stress state of the wall masonry at a concentrated load was carried out for masonry with chain bond. The wall fragment was modeled by solid finite elements.Results. It was found that under a concentrated load, the deformable zone has the form of a triangle with a vertex under load and expanding as it moves away from the load point. Based on the studies conducted, the authors of the paper have proposed an approximate method for determining compression stresses in masonry stones with chain bond. When the load is concentrated, the zone of distribution of compressive stresses in the masonry has the form of a triangle. The study established the characteristics of the distribution of compressive stresses in chain masonry of walls made of large stones with dry vertical joints at a concentrated load.Conclusions. The study shows that the existing methods of calculating solid masonry are not suitable for calculating masonry with dry vertical tongue and groove joints because the latter comprise a discrete-continual system.

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