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Sand production has been a constraint to obtain maximized production rates for a number of years for several Statoil fields in the North Sea, due to issues related to: erosion potential not always easy to assess; safe operations: too many uncertainties related to increased sand production; and limited process handling capacity. Statoil has implemented the Acceptable Sand Rate (ASR), developed together with DNV, as a company strategy for increasing production rates by tolerating sand production within certain limits of maximum allowable sand volume, and maximum allowable erosion in the flow lines and the process system. Although these efforts have resulted in increased production, there is still a way to go to fully utilize the production potential. A key factor with respect to effective sand management is the collaboration and continuous communication among operators and suppliers, and the confidence and methodical approach that engineers and sand monitors' users should employ supported by a cross disciplinary effort. This paper will present the work carried out jointly by the operator and the suppliers through extensive lab work on the sand monitoring systems available today. The aim of the work is to explore the influence of piping geometry, sand characteristics and fluid/operational conditions on the sand monitors, in a controlled environment, in order to improve their implementation according to the ASR strategy. Instruments, test conditions, CFD analysis, results and conclusions will be described for both acoustic and erosion based monitoring devices.

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractMany operators implement a conservative approach to sand management implementing a "Zero Sand Production" or "Maximum Sand Free Rate" Criteria. This is due to the potentially severe consequences associated with sand production i.e. erosion, and the fact that existing standards and guidelines /1/ do not provide sufficient practical advice on how to manage erosion issues during operations. These criteria generally put restrictions on the production rate (and revenue) to reduce sand production and decrease the risk of erosion leading to a loss of containment. These restrictions are in many cases unnecessary.Implementation of this erosion management approach has provided operators with enhanced production, reduced inspection and maintenance costs without compromising safety and environmental targets and increasing/enhancing business performance.

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