To realize the genetic potential of the productivity of bread winter wheat varieties, it is necessary to maintain a certain level of plant resistance to disease. Resistance donors may lose this property as a result of changes in the virulence of the pathogen and defeat of the genetic systems of plant resistance. This makes it necessary to search for new resistance sources and donors to leaf diseases. Our researches were conducted using field, laboratory and mathematical-statistical methods. Phenological observations, accounting, evaluation and harvesting were conducted according to currently accepted methods. 86 bread winter wheat samples from the 4th WWSRRN CIMMYT were studied for resistance to leaf diseases in our research during 2014–2016. The manifestation of variability depended significantly on the genotype for three diseases. The highest genotype influence was obseved in resistance to septoria dise­ase, where it was 81%. On average the highest indicator of resistance (7.7) to powdery mildew during the three years of research was observed in the mid-late ripening samples. The mid-early ripening group was considered to be the most adapted to the powdery mildew pathogen in the Northeastern Forest-Steppe. The highest average indicator of resistance (7.5) to brown rust for the three years of research was found in the early ripening group. The samples of the mid-ripening group were most adapted to the brown rust pathogen. The highest average resistance to septoria disease was also found in the early ripening group. The best adaptation to septoria disease was observed in mid-late ripening samples. 36% of the samples were resistant to three diseases. As a result of the research, a number of CIMMYT samples were isolated from the 4th WWSRRN, which exceeded the standard in resistance to powdery mildew, brown rust and septoria disease. They were characterized by better performance. Valuable forms for breeding work that can be resistance donors to leaf diseases were identified among them.

Experimental researches had been carried out during 2012–2016 in the crop rotation of Sumy National Agrarian University (SNAU) of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Soils on the experimental field of SNAU – black soil typical deep, non-humusful medium-loam with high and medium provision with elements of mineral nutrition. The humus content about 3.9 %. The reaction of the soil solution is close to neutral (5.8). The analysis of the weather conditions of 2012–2016 researches was conducted on the basis of annual data provided by the meteorological station of the Institute of Agriculture of the North-East of the NAAS, located five kilometers from the experimental field of SNAU. The SNAU soils are classified in the second agro-climatic region of the Sumy region, which according to a long-term data is characterized by temperate continental climate with warm summers and not very cold winters with thaws. Average daily (average annual) air temperature during 2012–2016 fluctuated from +7.9 to +9.5 ºС, and the legth of the frost-free period was close to 230 days. Long-term indicator, precipitation falls within 597–600 mm, with most of it – in the warm period (April-October). In general, the weather conditions during the winter wheat vegetation periods differed from the average annual parameters of the temperature regime, the amount of precipitation and their monthly distribution. It should be noted the excess of temperature to the average long-term index, as well as a slight precipitation increasing. In general, it facilitated to a comprehensive evaluation of the studied Chinese varieties as for an adaptive ability under condition of Ukraine. The samples of Chinese winter wheat varieties which originated from the expeditionary gatherings conducted by V. A. Vlasenko in Gansu and Hebei provinces in (2000–2012) were the material for conducting researches. The cultivar Podolianka (the standard) was used in the study for comparison. The research was carried out using field, laboratory and mathematical-statistical methods. Phenological observations and records, evaluation and harvesting were conducted in accordance with generally accepted methods. The results of research as for adaptive potential of Chinese bread winter wheat varieties are presented. 50 new cultivars of Chinese origin were analyzed under the conditions of left-bank side of North-East Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: super-early varieties – 10 %; early ripening varieties – 54 %; middle-early varieties – 12 %; mid-ripening varieties – 24 %. As for the level of tolerance for winter conditions, all groups of alien crops were inferior to the standard (cultivar Podolyanka) though they had a great level of index (6.4–7.9 points). In general, Chinese cultivars under the conditions of the research were characterized by relatively satisfactory tolerance for winter conditions; 52 % of analyzed patterns wintered at the level of standard with 8 points. Among them: super-early varieties – 2 %; early ripening varieties – 20 %; middle-early varieties – 8 %; mid-ripening varieties – 22 %. As for the height of the plants we identified – from medium-sized (81‒110 cm) forms to dwarf (30-50 cm). The analyzed genotypes divided into medium-sized forms – 22 %, dwarf forms – 14 % and semidwarf forms – 64 %. There was a direct relation between: a plant height → group of ripeness (r = 0.96) → group of ripeness (r = 0.92) → resistance to overwintering (r = 0.78). Among the analyzed patterns high resistance against a group of diseases had the varieties: middle-early genotypes – Longzhong 10, Zhong mai 19, Shijra zhuang 8; mid-ripening genotypes – Longzhong 1, Longzhong 3, Longzhong 2, Longzhong 4, Longzhong 12, Longzhong 7; early ripening genotypes – DF529, Lankao 906, DF581, СА0175, Zhongmai 9, Shi 4185, Jimai 22, Shixin 733, Shimai 12. As for the crop better than the standard: early ripening varieties –Jimai 19, DF529; middle-early varieties – Shijiazhuang 8, Longzhong 10, Jingdong 8; middle-early varieties – NSA 97-2082, Longzhong 2, Longzhong 4, Longzhong 7, Longzhong 5, Longzhong 8, Longzhong 12, Longzhong 11, Longzhong 3. 16 % of analyzed cultivars distinguished by the totality of researched characteristics – DF529, Shijiazhuang 8, Longzhong 3, Longzhong 10, Longzhong 4, Longzhong 7, Longzhong 12, Longzhong 2.

Виявлена значна відмінність між гібридами першого покоління за повторюваністю прояву елементів продуктивності колосу. Спостерігається тенденція щодо прояву наддомінування в гібридів, у яких одна з батьківських форм містить у своєму генотипі 1BL/1RS або 1AL/1RS транслокацію. Успадкування елементів продуктивності відбувається за типами: наддомінування, часткове позитивне домінування, проміжне успадкування, часткове від'ємне успадкування, депресія Ключові слова: пшениця озима, гібридні комбінації, пшенично-житні транслокації, елементи продуктивності, успадкування A significant difference between the hybrids of first generation according to the frequency manifestation of ear productivity has been identified. There is a tendency as for overdominance manifestation in hybrids with one parent form that contains in its genotype 1BL/1RS or 1AL/1RS translocation. Inheriting elements of productivity is followed by type: overdominance, partial positive dominance, intermediate inheritance, partial negative inheritance, depression

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Aim. To determine immunological characteristics of CIMMYT’s accessions from the 4th WWSRRN for resistance to powdery mildew in the north-eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine and to select resources of resistance of the train of interest. Results and Discussion. Thirty five CIMMYT’s accessions from the 4th WWSRRN were taken as the test material. Resistance of wheat plants to powdery mildew was assessed on natural infectious background using varieties - infection accumulators (Keprok, Agassis) in compliance with conventional. To determine the yield capacity of the varieties, we analyzed the plant morphology in harvested sheaves. We measured the plant height and 1000-seed weight. The data were statistically processed. We found that the variability of resistance to powdery mildew in the 4th WWSRRN accessions significantly depended on the genotype – 44 %. In a three-year study, we discovered that the highest resistance was intrinsic to the middle-late group (7.3 points), and the lowest one – to the mid-ripening group (6.3 points), though these accessions had the highest adaptability because the variability was 0.8 points. We compared accessions belonging to various ripeness groups. The middle-late group contained the highest percentage of highly resistant genotypes – 83 %. The test accessions were compared with check variety Podolianka for resistance to powdery mildew. Thirteen accessions significantly exceeding the check variety were identified. We distinguished accession Fiorina with high resistance (8.1 points) to the pathogen. Having examined the averages for the 4 ripeness groups, we can state that the highest yields were produced by accessions from the mid-early and mid-ripening groups - 588 g/m2. Therefore, these groups of varieties have the best adaptability. Conclusions. The comprehensive study of the CIMMYT’s accessions from the 4th WWSRRN on natural infectious background using varieties - infection accumulators allowed us to single out accessions with high resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen and other economically valuable characteristics: Cv. Rodina/AE. Speltoides (10 KR), Vorona / HD2402 // Steklovidnaya 24, ETA / K-62905=ESTER, Cv. Rodina / Aе. Speltoides (10 KR). They can be recommended as sources of resistance to the pathogen, high adaptability and performance for programmes developing new breeding material of winter wheat.