The basic stages of introduction on railways of cross ties from ferroconcrete are resulted. The data on rates of laying and extent of a railway on the ferroconcrete basis on Russian and Byelorussian railways are resulted. It is shown, that the width of a rail track at different levels from a surface of the head of a rail considerably differs be­cause of canting. The experimental researches confirming the conclusion are executed that existing practice of measurement of width of a rail track promotes its actual narrowing. The way of fastening of clip of an intermediate compound in stationary conditions and on the worked way is considered, allowing to prevent above permitted stan­dard narrowing of a rail track.

The criterion of mechanical condition of steel, basing on interconnection of a limit of contact fatigue, a limit of mechanical fatigue, a ultimate strength and a hardness. The technique of an estimation of a mechanical condition of a rail steel is developed. Experimental researches of non-thermostrengthened rails after maintenance in conditions of the subway are executed. Character of distribution of hardness on a surface of rolling of the head of a rail is investigated, characteristic zones of its straining are fixed. Microstructural explorations of a material of rails in a superficial zone of contact to a wheel are executed. During the experiments validation of the developed criterion are received.

The conditions of the material on the rolling surface of rails, maintained in the underground conditions, are investigated.